Publications by authors named "Joshua S Bernstein"
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Current and Emerging Biologic Agents.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Antihistamine refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) affects up to 50% of patients, indicating a need for better treatment options.
- Anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) therapies have transformed CSU management, but there are still instances where these treatments fail, highlighting the necessity for alternative biologic therapies.
- The review discusses not only anti-IgE and Th2-targeted therapies but also explores new approaches targeting different pathways of mast cell activation, potentially offering more effective treatments for those resistant to standard therapies.
Chronic Urticaria in Special Populations: Pediatric, Pregnancy, and the Elderly.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am
August 2024
Article Synopsis
- * There are ongoing efforts to better define treatment guidelines, especially for vulnerable groups like children, pregnant women, and the elderly, who often lack sufficient information in existing literature.
- * This review aims to update knowledge on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in these populations by discussing how common it is, important diagnosis factors, and potential treatment strategies.
Importance: Allergic rhinitis affects an estimated 15% of the US population (approximately 50 million individuals) and is associated with the presence of asthma, eczema, chronic or recurrent sinusitis, cough, and both tension and migraine headaches.
Observations: Allergic rhinitis occurs when disruption of the epithelial barrier allows allergens to penetrate the mucosal epithelium of nasal passages, inducing a T-helper type 2 inflammatory response and production of allergen-specific IgE. Allergic rhinitis typically presents with symptoms of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, postnasal drainage, sneezing, and itching of the eyes, nose, and throat.
Purpose Of Review: Eosinophils are involved in combating parasitic, bacterial, viral infections as well as certain malignancies. However, they are also implicated in an array of upper and lower respiratory disease states. Through a deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis, targeted biologic therapies have revolutionized glucocorticoid sparing treatment of eosinophilic respiratory diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe accumulation of eosinophils in inflammatory foci is a hallmark characteristic of Th2 inflammation. Nevertheless, the expression of inhibitory receptors such as paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIR-B) and their function regulating eosinophil accumulation have received limited attention. We now report that Pirb was up-regulated in an eosinophil-dependent manner in the lungs of allergen-challenged and interleukin (IL)-13-overexpressing mice.
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