Free Energy Analysis of Peptide-Induced Pore Formation in Lipid Membranes by Bridging Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Simulations.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive materials for combating the antimicrobial resistance crisis because they can kill target microbes by directly disrupting cell membranes. Although thousands of AMPs have been discovered, their molecular mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. One broad mechanism for membrane disruption is the formation of membrane-spanning hydrophilic pores which can be stabilized by AMPs.

Japanese Encephalitis Virus Surveillance in U.S. Army Installations in the Republic of Korea from 2021 to 2023.

Japanese encephalitis is a disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and is a concern for U.S. military personnel stationed in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

Health Information Technology Documentation and Referrals for Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault.

Background:  Hospital settings provide a unique opportunity to screen for intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA) yet often lack health information technology (IT) solutions for generating reliable and valid medicolegal documentation via forensic reports.

Objectives:  The objective of the project was to evaluate a pilot, technology "tool" for documenting cases of IPV and SA that could support forensic nurse examiners and related stakeholders in generating high-quality documentation and coordinating victim support services.

Methods:  The tool was a digital health intervention implemented for use among forensic nurse examiners, law enforcement, victim support organizations, and more within four counties of California.

Public comfort with the use of ChatGPT and expectations for healthcare.

Objectives: To examine whether comfort with the use of ChatGPT in society differs from comfort with other uses of AI in society and to identify whether this comfort and other patient characteristics such as trust, privacy concerns, respect, and tech-savviness are associated with expected benefit of the use of ChatGPT for improving health.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed an original survey of U.S.

Making Science Computable Using Evidence-Based Medicine on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: Standards Development Project.

Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has the potential to improve health outcomes, but EBM has not been widely integrated into the systems used for research or clinical decision-making. There has not been a scalable and reusable computer-readable standard for distributing research results and synthesized evidence among creators, implementers, and the ultimate users of that evidence. Evidence that is more rapidly updated, synthesized, disseminated, and implemented would improve both the delivery of EBM and evidence-based health care policy.

Perspectives on the role of industry in informatics research and authorship.

Objectives: Advances in informatics research come from academic, nonprofit, and for-profit industry organizations, and from academic-industry partnerships. While scientific studies of commercial products may offer critical lessons for the field, manuscripts authored by industry scientists are sometimes categorically rejected. We review historical context, community perceptions, and guidelines on informatics authorship.

Mutation of , a -formyltransferase involved in O-antigen synthesis, results in biofilm formation, phase variation and attenuation in .

Two clinically important subspecies, subsp. (type A) and subsp. (type B) are responsible for most tularaemia cases, but these isolates typically form a weak biofilm under conditions.

The Longitudinal Implementation Strategy Tracking System (LISTS): feasibility, usability, and pilot testing of a novel method.

Background: Systematic approaches are needed to accurately characterize the dynamic use of implementation strategies and how they change over time. We describe the development and preliminary evaluation of the Longitudinal Implementation Strategy Tracking System (LISTS), a novel methodology to document and characterize implementation strategies use over time.

Methods: The development and initial evaluation of the LISTS method was conducted within the Improving the Management of SymPtoms during And following Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) Research Consortium (supported by funding provided through the NCI Cancer Moonshot).

Patient-Facing Clinical Decision Support for High Blood Pressure Control: Patient Survey.

Background: High blood pressure (HBP) affects nearly half of adults in the United States and is a major factor in heart attacks, strokes, kidney disease, and other morbidities. To reduce risk, guidelines for HBP contain more than 70 recommendations, including many related to patient behaviors, such as home monitoring and lifestyle changes. Thus, the patient's role in controlling HBP is crucial.

A survey of computable biomedical knowledge repositories.

Introduction: While data repositories are well-established in clinical and research enterprises, knowledge repositories with shareable computable biomedical knowledge (CBK) are relatively new entities to the digital health ecosystem. Trustworthy knowledge repositories are necessary for learning health systems, but the policies, standards, and practices to promote trustworthy CBK artifacts and methods to share, and safely and effectively use them are not well studied.

Methods: We conducted an online survey of 24 organizations in the United States known to be involved in the development or deployment of CBK.

Provider Perspectives on Patient- and Provider-Facing High Blood Pressure Clinical Decision Support.

Background: Hypertension, persistent high blood pressures (HBP) leading to chronic physiologic changes, is a common condition that is a major predictor of heart attacks, strokes, and other conditions. Despite strong evidence, care teams and patients are inconsistently adherent to HBP guideline recommendations. Patient-facing clinical decision support (CDS) could help improve recommendation adherence but must also be acceptable to clinicians and patients.

Generating and Reporting Electronic Clinical Quality Measures from Electronic Health Records: Strategies from EvidenceNOW Cooperatives.

Background: Electronic clinical quality measures (eCQMs) from electronic health records (EHRs) are a key component of quality improvement (QI) initiatives in small-to-medium size primary care practices, but using eCQMs for QI can be challenging. Organizational strategies are needed to effectively operationalize eCQMs for QI in these practice settings.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize strategies that seven regional cooperatives participating in the EvidenceNOW initiative developed to generate and report EHR-based eCQMs for QI in small-to-medium size practices.

An Exploratory Review of Potential Adjunct Therapies for the Treatment of Coronavirus Infections.

Objective: The purpose of this exploratory review was to examine vitamin D, zinc, vitamin A, elderberry (), garlic (), licorice (), stinging nettle (), -acetylcysteine, quercetin, and selenium as potential adjunct therapies for the treatment of coronavirus infections.

Methods: A search of PubMed was performed for articles published from 2005 to 2021. Keywords searched were "zinc," "vitamin A," "vitamin D," "," "," "," "," "-acetylcysteine," "quercetin," "selenium," and "coronavirus.

Molecular analysis of the 2012 Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak.

Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) is one of four ebolaviruses known to cause disease in humans. Bundibugyo virus disease (BVD) outbreaks occurred in 2007-2008 in Bundibugyo District, Uganda, and in 2012 in Isiro, Province Orientale, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The 2012 BVD outbreak resulted in 38 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection, 13 of whom died.

Development, Phenotypic Characterization and Genomic Analysis of a Panel for Tularemia Vaccine Testing.

is one of several biothreat agents for which a licensed vaccine is needed to protect against this pathogen. To aid in the development of a vaccine protective against pneumonic tularemia, we generated and characterized a panel of isolates that can be used as challenge strains to assess vaccine efficacy. Our panel consists of both historical and contemporary isolates derived from clinical and environmental sources, including human, tick, and rabbit isolates.

Assessing Data Adequacy for High Blood Pressure Clinical Decision Support: A Quantitative Analysis.

Objective: This study examines guideline-based high blood pressure (HBP) and hypertension recommendations and evaluates the suitability and adequacy of the data and logic required for a Fast Healthcare Interoperable Resources (FHIR)-based, patient-facing clinical decision support (CDS) HBP application. HBP is a major predictor of adverse health events, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and kidney disease. Multiple guidelines recommend interventions to lower blood pressure, but implementation requires patient-centered approaches, including patient-facing CDS tools.

Computationally modeling mammalian succinate dehydrogenase kinetics identifies the origins and primary determinants of ROS production.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex that links the Krebs cycle to the electron transport system. It can produce significant amounts of superoxide ([Formula: see text]) and hydrogen peroxide (HO); however, the precise mechanisms are unknown. This fact hinders the development of next-generation antioxidant therapies targeting mitochondria.

Building and maintaining trust in clinical decision support: Recommendations from the Patient-Centered CDS Learning Network.

Knowledge artifacts in digital repositories for clinical decision support (CDS) can promote the use of CDS in clinical practice. However, stakeholders will benefit from knowing which they can trust before adopting artifacts from knowledge repositories. We discuss our investigation into trust for knowledge artifacts and repositories by the Patient-Centered CDS Learning Network's Trust Framework Working Group (TFWG).

Challenges to electronic clinical quality measurement using third-party platforms in primary care practices: the healthy hearts in the heartland experience.

Third-party platforms have emerged to support small primary care practices for calculating and reporting electronic clinical quality measures (eCQM) for federal programs like The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA) and Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS). Yet little is known about the capabilities and limitations of electronic health record systems (EHRs) to enable data access for these programs. We connected 116 small- to medium-sized practices with seven different EHRs to popHealth, an open-source eCQM platform.

Bacteriophage-associated genes responsible for the widely divergent phenotypes of variants of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain MSHR5848.

Purpose: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the tier 1 agent of melioidosis, is a saprophytic microbe that causes endemic infections in tropical regions such as South-East Asia and Northern Australia. It is globally distributed, challenging to diagnose and treat, infectious by several routes including inhalation, and has potential for adversarial use. B.