Patient safety outcomes for continuous infusion vancomycin as outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.

Background: Administration of vancomycin as a continuous infusion has been associated with reduced nephrotoxicity. Given limited published experience with continuous infusion vancomycin in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) programs, we reviewed outcomes from our center.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study of adult patients receiving vancomycin OPAT as continuous or intermittent infusion for an intended treatment duration of at least 7 days.

Dairy Milk Casein and Whey Proteins Differentially Alter the Postprandial Lipidome in Persons with Prediabetes: A Comparative Lipidomics Study.

Dairy milk, likely through its bioactive proteins, has been reported to attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress responses implicated in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, how its major proteins, whey and casein, alter metabolic excursions of the lipidome in persons with prediabetes is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whey or casein protein ingestion on glucose-induced alternations in lipidomic responses in adults (17 males and 6 females) with prediabetes.

Pilot study on the impact of a carbohydrate loading drink on postprandial glycemic responses and gastric emptying in adults with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Preoperative carbohydrate (CHO) loading improves patient outcomes but is not extensively studied in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), resulting in limited professional recommendations. This study examined postprandial glycemic responses and gastric emptying rates following consumption of a CHO drink in adults with and without DM.

Methods: A single-arm, nonrandomized pilot trial was conducted in adults without DM (non-DM) (47.

Safe Blues: The case for virtual safe virus spread in the long-term fight against epidemics.

Viral spread is a complicated function of biological properties, the environment, preventative measures such as sanitation and masks, and the rate at which individuals come within physical proximity. It is these last two elements that governments can control through social-distancing directives. However, infection measurements are almost always delayed, making real-time estimation nearly impossible.

Application of Comparative Lipidomics to Elucidate Postprandial Metabolic Excursions Following Dairy Milk Ingestion in Individuals with Prediabetes.

Nutrient-dense dairy foods are an important component of a healthy diet. Recommendations, however, advise non- and low-fat dairy foods despite controversy concerning whether full-fat dairy foods adversely impact cardiometabolic health. Therefore, in this study, our objective is to examine the differential plasma lipidomic responses to non-fat or full-fat milk ingestion during postprandial hyperglycemia.

Holographic amplification of the diffraction angle from optical phase array for optical beam steering.

Beam steering in lidar applications presents an important engineering problem, as researchers seek to achieve the highest possible field of view with low energy cost and rapid refresh rate. Non-mechanical beam-steering technologies that exist today are known to achieve a low energy cost and rapid refresh rate, but they have a narrow angular range. A method by which the diffraction angle from a beam-steering device may be increased to cover a 4 sr solid angle is presented.

Examination of the relationship of diet quality with cardiometabolic risk factors in apparently healthy college students.

Background: Preliminary evidence indicates that subclinical cardiometabolic abnormalities are present in apparently healthy nonobese young adults. Poor dietary habits may be a contributing factor.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the presence of cardiometabolic abnormalities in apparently healthy college students and to assess the relationship between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Dairy milk proteins attenuate hyperglycemia-induced impairments in vascular endothelial function in adults with prediabetes by limiting increases in glycemia and oxidative stress that reduce nitric oxide bioavailability.

Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPH) transiently impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF) in an oxidative stress-dependent manner by decreasing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Dairy milk and its proteins attenuate PPH, but whether this improves VEF is unknown. We hypothesized that dairy milk, mediated by its whey and/or casein proteins, improves VEF by attenuating PPH-induced oxidative stress that otherwise decreases NO bioavailability.

Dairy milk, regardless of fat content, protects against postprandial hyperglycemia-mediated impairments in vascular endothelial function in adults with prediabetes by limiting oxidative stress responses that reduce nitric oxide bioavailability.

Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPH) transiently impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF) in an oxidative-stress-dependent manner by decreasing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Dairy milk, regardless of fat content, attenuates PPH, but whether this improves VEF by limiting oxidative stress responses that otherwise decrease NO bioavailability is not known. We hypothesized that nonfat and full-fat dairy milk would similarly improve VEF by attenuating PPH-induced oxidative stress that otherwise decreases NO biosynthesis and bioavailability.

Co-ingestion of whole eggs or egg whites with glucose protects against postprandial hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and dysregulated arginine metabolism in association with improved vascular endothelial function in prediabetic men.

Replacing a portion of a glucose challenge with whole eggs (EGG) or egg whites (WHITE) was shown to protect against glucose-induced impairments in vascular function. We hypothesised in the present study that previously observed vasoprotection following co-ingestion of EGG or WHITE with glucose was attributed to limiting postprandial hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress that improves NO∙ bioavailability. Prediabetic men completed a randomised, cross-over study in which they ingested isoenergetic meals containing 100 g glucose (GLU), or 75 g glucose with 1·5 EGG, seven WHITE or two egg yolks (YOLK).

Replacing carbohydrate during a glucose challenge with the egg white portion or whole eggs protects against postprandial impairments in vascular endothelial function in prediabetic men by limiting increases in glycaemia and lipid peroxidation.

Eggs attenuate postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPH), which transiently impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF). We hypothesised that co-ingestion of a glucose challenge with egg-based meals would protect against glucose-induced impairments in VEF by attenuating PPH and oxidative stress. A randomised, cross-over study was conducted in prediabetic men (n 20) who ingested isoenegertic meals (1674 kJ (400 kcal)) containing 100 g glucose (GLU), or 75 g glucose with 1·5 whole eggs (EGG), seven egg whites (WHITE) or two egg yolks (YOLK).

Green tea extract protects against hepatic NFκB activation along the gut-liver axis in diet-induced obese mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by reducing endotoxin and TLR4/MyD88 signaling.

Green tea extract (GTE) reduces NFκB-mediated inflammation during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We hypothesized that its anti-inflammatory activities would be mediated in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent manner. Wild-type (WT) and loss-of-function TLR4-mutant (TLR4m) mice were fed a high-fat diet containing GTE at 0 or 2% for 8 weeks before assessing NASH, NFκB-mediated inflammation, TLR4 and its adaptor proteins MyD88 and TRIF, circulating endotoxin, and intestinal tight junction protein mRNA expression.

Green tea extract treatment reduces NFκB activation in mice with diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by lowering TNFR1 and TLR4 expression and ligand availability.

NFκB-mediated inflammation contributes to liver injury during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We hypothesized that antiinflammatory activities of green tea extract (GTE) during NASH would lower tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1)- and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)-mediated NFκB activation. Male C57BL6/J mice (6 weeks old) were fed a low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) diet for 12 weeks to induce NASH.

A green tea-containing starch confection increases plasma catechins without protecting against postprandial impairments in vascular function in normoglycemic adults.

Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPH) increases cardiovascular disease risk regardless of glucose intolerance by transiently impairing vascular endothelial function (VEF) by limiting nitric oxide bioavailability in an oxidative stress-dependent manner. Preclinical studies show that green tea catechins attenuate PPH by inhibiting starch digestion. We hypothesized that a starch-based confection containing catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) would limit PPH-mediated impairments in VEF in normoglycemic adults.

Green tea extract provides extensive Nrf2-independent protection against lipid accumulation and NFκB pro- inflammatory responses during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Scope: Green tea extract (GTE) reduces liver steatosis and inflammation during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We hypothesized GTE would mitigate NASH in a nuclear factor erythroid-2-related-factor-2 (Nrf2)-dependent manner in a high fat (HF) induced model.

Methods And Results: Nrf2-null and wild-type (WT) mice were fed an HF diet containing 0 or 2% GTE for eight weeks prior to assessing parameters of NASH.

Radiologic manifestations of angioedema.

Objectives: The purpose of this pictorial review is to present imaging findings of angioedema involving the various organs.

Conclusion: The role of imaging for patients with angioedema includes the evaluation of the upper airway for obstruction and the exclusion of other possible aetiologies, such as neoplastic or infectious processes. Glossomegaly is a common finding of head and neck angioedema.

Stress, mental health, and cognition: a brief review of relationships and countermeasures.

Today's network-centric battlefield environment is highly stressful and cognitively demanding. Many warfighters are feeling overwhelmed and end up being medically evacuated from theater due to mental health problems [i.e.

Radiology residency call: residents' perceptions of the on-call experience.

Purpose: This paper focuses on specific resident perceptions of call, including the compliance of training programs with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's (ACGME) resident work rules and the level of comfort residents have in contacting out-of-house staff radiologists for help during on-call hours.

Methods: The authors designed a Web-based survey to examine radiology residents' perceptions about call conditions with input from the 2003-2004 ACR Resident and Fellow Section Executive Council. The survey instrument was distributed to chief residents in the United States and Canada with the help of the ACR.

Psychiatric diagnoses as a cause of medical evacuation.

The U.S. military is one of the best trained military organizations in the world.

Performance of cochlear implant recipients with GJB2-related deafness.

Congenital profound hearing loss affects 0.05-0.1% of children and has many causes, some of which are associated with cognitive delay.