Factors affecting the risk of trismus following maxillary ablative surgery comparing free flap reconstruction to prosthetic obturation: a retrospective observational study.

The reconstruction of post-ablative maxillary defects is controversial. It is accepted that quality of life indicators are poorer for maxillary reconstruction compared with mandibular reconstruction. One factor highlighted is that of post-treatment trismus.

Histological pattern of tumor inflammation and stromal density correlate with patient demographics and immuno-oncologic transcriptional profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignancy, with emerging interest in the characterization of its tumor microenvironment. Herein, we present a comprehensive histological analysis of OSCC stromal density and inflammation and their relationship with patient demographics, clinicopathologic features and immuno-oncologic signatures.

Materials-methods: Eighty-seven completely excised OSCC tissues were prospectively collected and scored for histopathologic inflammatory subtypes [HIS]-inflamed (INF), immune-excluded (IE) and immune-desert (ID), peritumoral stromal inflammation (PTSI), and peritumoral stromal fibrosis (PTSF).

Risk Factors for Infection Recurrence After Surgical Resection of Advanced Stage Osteonecrosis of the Mandible.

Background: Advanced stage osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) are challenging disease entities requiring multimodal therapy including surgical resection. However, risk factors associated with infection recurrence are poorly understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with infection recurrence following resection of advanced stage ORN or MRONJ of the mandible.

Is hardware colonization associated with latent hardware complications and removal in maxillomandibular free flap reconstruction?

Background: The relationship between hardware colonization, latent hardware complications, and hardware removal remains unclear following osteocutaneous free flap reconstruction of the jaws.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the maxilla or mandible from 2016 to 2021.

Results: A total of 240 subjects were included.

Immuno-oncologic signature of malignant transformation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the immuno-oncologic (IO) signature at the surgical tumor margin (TM) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that is involved in the process of malignant transformation.

Study Design: Under institutional review board approval, TM of 73 OSCC were investigated using immunohistochemistry for the immune biomarker, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). NanoString 770 IO-focused gene set was analyzed in 5 pairs of TM and invasive tumor (T).

Is Preoperative Serum Albumin Predictive of Adverse Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Surgery?

Background: Patients with head and neck cancer are at increased risk of malnutrition due to tumor burden and surgical morbidity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between preoperative serum albumin and 30-day adverse outcomes in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: This was a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.

Is Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstruction Feasible in Jehovah's Witness Patients?

Background: Jehovah's Witnesses (JW) population are members of a religious group that refuses blood transfusion. This presents a dilemma for surgical teams when performing major surgical procedures on these patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of undergoing microvascular free flaps for maxillofacial reconstruction in JW patients and whether the type of underlying pathology impacts outcomes.

Cytokine profiling in plasma distinguishes the histological inflammatory subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and a novel regulatory role of osteopontin.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be classified according to the histological inflammatory subtype (HIS) into inflamed (HIS-INF) or immune excluded (HIS-IE). HIS-IE was previously associated with higher levels of soluble Semaphorin 4D (HsS4D) in plasma, and higher transcriptional levels of osteopontin (OPN) in the tumor tissue, compared to HIS-INF. The goal of the current study is to investigate whether the HIS inflammatory subtype can be distinguished by a differential cytokine panel in peripheral blood.

Is the prevention of condylar sag with maxillomandibular fixation the key to functional reconstruction of a mandibular disarticulation resection?

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the use of the free fibula flap for reconstruction with mandibular disarticulation resections.

Study Design: A retrospective chart cohort review was performed in patients reconstructed with a fibula free flap for a mandibular disarticulation resection at an academic tertiary care institution over a 5-year period.

Results: Twenty-four patients were included in the study.

Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising in a Previous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant tumor of odontogenic origin, with only about 50 cases reported in the English literature so far. Histologically, it is characterized by ghost cells, dentinoid deposits, high grade malignant cellular features, and areas of necrosis and invasion. Having common histological features with other odontogenic ghost cell lesions (OGCL) like calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and dentinogenic ghost cell tumors, it is crucial to recognize GCOC malignant features, as it can be destructive and invasive, sometimes showing distant metastases and high recurrence rate.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients aged 45 and younger: Prognosis, survival, and quality of life.

Objective: To perform a detailed analysis of the epidemiology, tumor biology, treatment, overall survival, and quality of life in a young patient (age ≤45 years) cohort with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study between 1992 and 2017 at an academic tertiary care center.

Results: In total, 80 patients were included (36 female and 44 male) with stage I (American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth ed.

Thyroid carcinoma discovered incidentally during surgical resection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case series.

The occurrence of 2 synchronous primary cancers of different origin in the head and neck region is rare. The incidence of thyroid carcinoma found during surgical resection of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa) is about 0.3% to 1.

Impact of the Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Head and Neck Cancer Care.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on head and neck oncologic care at a tertiary care facility.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between March 18, 2020, and May 20, 2020. The primary planned outcome was the rate of treatment modifications during the study period.

Soluble Sema4D in Plasma of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Is Associated With Underlying Non-Inflamed Tumor Profile.

Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is a glycoprotein that is expressed by several tumors and immune cells. It can function as a membrane bound protein or as a cleaved soluble protein (sSema4D). We sought to investigate the translational potential of plasma sSema4D as an immune marker in plasma of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

The deep circumflex iliac artery free flap in maxillofacial reconstruction: a comparative institutional analysis.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative analysis of the utility, outcomes, and complications of DCIA (deep circumflex iliac artery) flap for the reconstruction of maxillofacial defects between two institutions that continue to use the DCIA flap as a reconstructive resource.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included a total of 68 patients (mean age 51.1 years) at the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA, between January 2010 and April 2019.

Self-Retained Voice Prosthesis in the Decompression of the Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Technical Note.

Decompression of the odontogenic keratocyst has been a long-standing treatment modality in the armamentarium of oral-maxillofacial surgeons. Many different types of effective decompression tubes have been described in the literature. They reduce the size of the cystic lesion by decreasing the intraluminal pressure, induce histologic structural changes in the epithelial lining of the cyst, and allow for bone deposition to occur from the periphery of the cystic cavity.

Face transplantation: general review and long-term management of the dental patient.

Facial allotransplantation (FA) is an emerging alternative modality following severe loss of hard and soft tissues. Although there are vast numbers of publications on the surgical aspects of this technique, limited information is available in the literature with regard to the long-term dental care of affected patients following postoperative stabilization and return to their locally based clinical milieu. The objective of this report is to review patient demographics, etiologies, structural graft components, immunosuppressive strategies, donor tissue pathogenicity, neurologic recovery, potential complications, and present clinical guidelines for dental management.

An Alternative Approach to Carotid Endarterectomy in the High Carotid Bifurcation.

Background: Surgical exposure of a high carotid bifurcation (HCB) for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can be technically challenging due to the presence of bony structures in the most cranial portion of the neck and is associated with significant morbidity making carotid artery stenting (CAS) a common alternative. However, a high transverse neck incision with subplatysmal flaps facilitates CEA in these patients without additional exposure techniques. We present a high transverse neck incision with subplatysmal flaps as an alternative to the standard surgical exposure of the carotid bifurcation to facilitate CEA in patients with HCB.