Posterior hypothalamic involvement on pre-operative MRI predicts hypothalamic obesity in craniopharyngiomas.

Purpose: Hypothalamic obesity (HO) is a complication associated with craniopharyngioma (CP). Attempts have been made to perioperatively predict the development of this complication, which can be severe and difficult to treat.

Methods: Patients who underwent first transsphenoidal surgical resection in a single center between February 2005 and March 2019 were screened; those who have had prior surgery or radiation, were aged below 18 years, or did not have follow up body mass index (BMI) after surgery were excluded.

Best Practices: Application of NI-RADS for Posttreatment Surveillance Imaging of Head and Neck Cancer.

Imaging surveillance is an important component of posttreatment management of head and neck cancers. There is variability in the surveillance regimen used by various practitioners and institutions, with no official National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for patients showing no symptoms beyond 6 months posttreatment. Moreover, imaging of the neck after treatment is a complex examination with significant interreader heterogeneity, particularly in terms of the manner in which degree of suspicion for disease recurrence is expressed.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in patients with COVID-19.

Objective: To report four patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who developed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Methods: Patient data was abstracted from medical records at Weill Cornell Medical Center.

Results: Four patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and PRES were identified.

Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vs Patients With Influenza.

Importance: It is uncertain whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke than would be expected from a viral respiratory infection.

Objective: To compare the rate of ischemic stroke between patients with COVID-19 and patients with influenza, a respiratory viral illness previously associated with stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at 2 academic hospitals in New York City, New York, and included adult patients with emergency department visits or hospitalizations with COVID-19 from March 4, 2020, through May 2, 2020.

Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19 versus Patients with Influenza.

Importance: Case series without control groups suggest that Covid-19 may cause ischemic stroke, but whether Covid-19 is associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke than would be expected from a viral respiratory infection is uncertain.

Objective: To compare the rate of ischemic stroke between patients with Covid-19 and patients with influenza, a respiratory viral illness previously linked to stroke.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Imaging of Temporal Bone Trauma: A Clinicoradiologic Perspective.

Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of temporal bone trauma. Certain imaging findings can significantly change patient management or change surgical approach. Precise knowledge of clinical or surgical management can guide the review of imaging to detect these key findings.

Prostate Cancer: assessing the effects of androgen-deprivation therapy using quantitative diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) on MRI parameters and evaluate their associations with treatment response measures.

Materials And Methods: The study included 30 men with histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer who underwent MRI before and after initiation of ADT. Thirty-four tumours were volumetrically assessed on DW-MRI (n = 32) and DCE-MRI (n = 18), along with regions of interest in benign prostatic tissue, to calculate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and transfer constant (K(trans)) values.

Orbital soft-tissue trauma.

In the clinical assessment of orbital trauma, visual acuity and extraocular muscle motility are critical for rapid evaluation of injury severity. However, assessment of these parameters may be limited by edema and concomitant injuries. Imaging may further delineate the trauma pattern and extent of injury.

Benign mural nodules within fluid collections at MRI after soft-tissue sarcoma resection.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of nodules within fluid collections on MRI after surgical resection of soft-tissue sarcoma.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 175 patients who underwent resection of primary soft-tissue sarcoma and whose postoperative MRI reports mentioned fluid. Images were reviewed to determine the presence of fluid collections of 1 cm or greater in diameter in the surgical bed and any nodule (measuring ≥ 0.

Recurrent skeletal extra-axial chordoma confirmed with brachyury: imaging features and review of the literature.

A small number of tumors bearing histological resemblance to axial chordoma arising from the bone or soft tissue outside the axial skeleton have been reported. These lesions have historically been referred to as parachordoma, chordoma periphericum (CP), or extra-axial chordoma (EAC). With the introduction of the immunohistochemical stain brachyury, a sensitive and specific marker for notochordal origin, chordomas arising in extra-axial locations (i.

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath mimicking a primary intramedullary metatarsal tumor.

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is one of the most common benign soft tissue tumors in the extremities, and is frequently associated with bone abnormalities. Although extrinsic bone erosion is the most common bone abnormality associated with GCTTS, intraosseous invasion of GCTTS occurs rarely and may mimic a primary bone tumor, making diagnosis more challenging. We report an unusual imaging presentation of GCTTS mimicking a primary intramedullary metatarsal tumor and review the literature on the frequency of bone involvement of GCTTS.

Comparison between esophagography and chest computed tomography for evaluation of leaks after esophagectomy and gastric pull-through.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of esophagography and chest computed tomography (CT) for detecting leaks after esophagectomy and gastric pull-through.

Materials And Methods: Our database revealed 29 patients who had undergone esophagography and chest CT after esophagectomy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for postoperative leaks were determined for esophagography and CT, separately and combined, on the basis of a retrospective image review.