The future of feedback: Motivating performance improvement through future-focused feedback.

Managerial feedback discussions often fail to produce the desired performance improvements. Three studies shed light on why performance feedback fails and how it can be made more effective. In Study 1, managers described recent performance feedback experiences in their work settings.

Skilled or unskilled, but still unaware of it: how perceptions of difficulty drive miscalibration in relative comparisons.

People are inaccurate judges of how their abilities compare to others'. J. Kruger and D.

Overconfidence in interval estimates.

Judges were asked to make numerical estimates (e.g., "In what year was the first flight of a hot air balloon?").