Brief Report: Nicotine Metabolism Ratio Increases in HIV-Positive Smokers on Effective Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cohort Study.

Background: People with HIV (PWH) smoke tobacco at much higher rates than the general population. Previous research has shown that PWH have faster nicotine metabolism than HIV-uninfected individuals, which may underlie this disparity, but the cause is unknown. We investigated whether higher nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR; 3-hydroxycotinine:cotinine), a validated biomarker of nicotine metabolism through CYP2A6, was associated with antiretroviral use among HIV-infected smokers.

The COVID-19 Self-Testing through Rapid Network Distribution (C-STRAND) trial: A randomized controlled trial to increase COVID-19 testing in underserved populations.

Background Widely available population testing is critical to public health efforts to control the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, COVID-19 testing has been low in underserved communities disproportionately affected by COVID-19. One approach to increase testing rates is through the secondary distribution of self-collection kits, where an individual distributes test kits to contacts in their social network and encourages them to self-collect test specimens.

Brief Report: Financial Incentives and Real-Time Adherence Monitoring to Promote Daily Adherence to HIV Treatment and Viral Suppression Among People Living With HIV: A Pilot Study.

Background: Interventions to promote medication adherence and viral suppression are needed among HIV-positive individuals. We aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of daily financial incentives linked to real-time adherence monitoring among treatment-experienced individuals.

Methods: At an HIV clinic in Philadelphia, we conducted a pilot randomized trial among treatment-experienced HIV-positive adults with unsuppressed viral loads (>400 copies/mL).