Amino Acid Sulfinate Salts as Alkyl Radical Precursors.

A general approach to the synthesis of amino acid sulfinate salts from commercially available α-chiral hydroxylated amino acids is reported. These reagents are shown to be valuable precursors to alkyl radicals under mild photochemical oxidation conditions. The photochemically generated amino acid radicals engage readily with alkyl and aryl disulfide radical traps to afford a diverse suite of modified amino acids.

Novel resin tissue array system reduces sample preparation time, labour and reagent costs in bone tissue histology.

Resin histology plays an essential role in the analysis of hard tissues, such as bone and teeth, as well as in the context of metallic implant analysis. However, the techniques of resin embedding, followed by ground sectioning, are very costly due to significantly increased reagent cost and labour time when compared to the conventional paraffin histology approach. In the present study, a novel resin array system was developed to increase the affordability of a project analysing rat femur tissues containing metallic or polymeric implants.

Traction load, tong position, and head support significantly influence cervical spine loading during traction.

Some cervical dislocation injuries may be acutely treated with traction via Gardner-Wells tongs, which are attached to the skull via two pins. While a variety of techniques have been proposed and utilized in the literature and clinical practice to use the tongs, these techniques have not been methodically studied to confirm how they transmit loads to the cervical spine. The current study investigated the mechanical effect of different traction techniques in a laboratory setting.

The Effect of Booster Seat Use on Pediatric Injuries in Motor Vehicle Frontal Crashes.

Background: Motor vehicle crashes are a significant source of pediatric mortality and morbidity. Studies indicate that booster seats significantly improve seat belt fit for children who have not attained a height of 145 cm (4' 9"). This study examined injuries occurring in booster age children up to age 12, as the majority of children do not attain 145 cm until this age.

A serendipitous discovery of isomotuporin-containing sponge populations of Theonella swinhoei.

An in-depth LCMS examination of 14 different collections of Indo-Pacific Theonella swinhoei sponges resulted in the discovery of four diastereomeric analogues of the cyclic pentapeptide motuporin. These motuporin analogues all contain a novel 2R configuration for the Adda amino acid. Additionally, one analogue has a unique nonoxygenated Adda amino acid.