Publications by authors named "Joshua Hagen"

Objective: To determine the prevalence of head injuries (HIs), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depressive symptoms in law enforcement officers (LEOs) and (2) the association between HIs and psychological health conditions.

Setting: County-level survey administered via Research Electronic Data Capture.

Participants: A total of 381 LEOs completed the survey (age = 43 ± 11 years; 40 [11%] females; time as LEO = 1-50 years, median = 15 years).

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Context: Health care providers (HCP) experience high stress and burnout rates. Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBI) with biofeedback may help improve resiliency but require further research.

Design And Study Participants: Aims were to evaluate changes in sleep patterns, nocturnal physiology, stress, mood disturbances, and perceived experience with biofeedback during the Mindfulness in Motion (MIM) intervention.

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Athletic trainers are increasingly used in nontraditional settings, such as in law enforcement, where they can contribute to healthcare management, including concussion management of law enforcement officers (LEOs). Despite the prevalence of concussions among LEOs, there is a notable gap in concussion management guidelines for this population. LEOs may lack the education and resources necessary for concussion recognition and proper management.

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Law enforcement cadets (LECs) complete weeks of subject control technique training. Similar sport-related combat training has been shown to expose participants to head acceleration events (HAEs) that have potential to result in short- and long-term impairments. The purpose of this study was to describe the number and magnitude of HAEs in LECs throughout their training.

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Merrigan, JJ, Strang, A, Eckerle, J, Mackowski, N, Hierholzer, K, Ray, NT, Smith, R, Hagen, JA, and Briggs, RA. Countermovement jump force-time curve analyses: reliability and comparability across force plate systems. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 30-37, 2024-Considering the growing prevalence of commercial force plates providing automated force-time analyses, understanding levels of agreement across force plate systems is warranted.

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Background: Mindfulness in Motion (MIM) is a workplace resilience-building intervention that has shown reductions in perceived stress and burnout, as well as increased resilience and work engagement in health care workers.

Objective: To evaluate effects of MIM delivered in a synchronous virtual format on self-reported respiratory rates (RR), as well as perceived stress and resiliency of health care workers.

Methods: Breath counts were self-reported by 275 participants before and after 8 weekly MIM sessions.

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This study aims to examine the effects of acute whole-body photobiomodulation (wbPBM), applied pre-exercise, on bouts of anaerobic cycling (Wingate) performances. Forty-eight healthy, active males and females participated in this single-blind, randomized, crossover study. Participants visited the laboratory three times to complete repeat (4 ×) Wingate testing, with one week between each visit.

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Merrigan, JJ, Stone, JD, Galster, SM, and Hagen, JA. Analyzing force-time curves: Comparison of commercially available automated software and custom MATLAB analyses. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2387-2402, 2022-With the growing prevalence of commercial force plate solutions providing automated force-time curve analysis, it is critical to understand the level of agreement across techniques.

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The primary purpose was to simplify external load data obtained during Division-I (DI) basketball competitions via principal component analysis (PCA). A secondary purpose was to determine if the PCA results were sensitive to load demands of different positional groups (POS). Data comprised 229 observations obtained from 10 men's basketball athletes participating in NCAA DI competitions.

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Merrigan, JJ, Stone, JD, Wagle, JP, Hornsby, WG, Ramadan, J, Joseph, M, and Hagen, JA. Using random forest regression to determine influential force-time metrics for countermovement jump height: a technical report. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 277-283, 2022-The purpose of this study was to indicate the most influential force-time metrics on countermovement jump (CMJ) height using multiple statistical procedures.

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Merrigan, JJ, Rentz, LE, Hornsby, WG, Wagle, JP, Stone, JD, Smith, HT, Galster, SM, Joseph, M, and Hagen, JA. Comparisons of countermovement jump force-time characteristics among NCAA Division I American football athletes: use of principal component analysis. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 411-419, 2022-This study aimed to reduce the dimensionality of countermovement jump (CMJ) force-time characteristics and evaluate differences among positional groups (skills, hybrid, linemen, and specialists) within National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) division I American football.

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Human performance optimization of tactical personnel requires accurate, meticulous, and effective monitoring of biological adaptations and systemic recovery. Due to an increased understanding of its importance and the commercial availability of assessment tools, the use of heart rate variability (HRV) to address this need is becoming more common in the tactical community. Measuring HRV is a non-invasive, practical method for objectively assessing a performer's readiness, workload, and recovery status; when combined with additional data sources and practitioner input, it provides an affordable and scalable solution for gaining actionable information to support the facilitation and maintenance of operational performance.

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A growing number of studies utilizing wearable technologies are examining the influence of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) on intense training, recovery, and injury risk. Exercise biometric (EB) data were collected on collegiate, female soccer players during a preseason camp. One player sustained an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

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Commercial off-the shelf (COTS) wearable devices continue development at unprecedented rates. An unfortunate consequence of their rapid commercialization is the lack of independent, third-party accuracy verification for reported physiological metrics of interest, such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). To address these shortcomings, the present study examined the accuracy of seven COTS devices in assessing resting-state HR and root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD).

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are ~21-22 nucleotide (nt) RNAs that mediate broad post-transcriptional regulatory networks. However, genetic analyses have shown that the phenotypic consequences of deleting individual miRNAs are generally far less overt compared to their misexpression. This suggests that miRNA deregulation may have broader phenotypic impacts during disease situations.

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The ongoing Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic abruptly halted athletic competition and standard training practices, consequently generating great confusion surrounding when and how to safely reintroduce sports. Therefore, tangible solutions disseminated to performance staff, coaches, and athletes are warranted to ensure optimal levels of health and physical performance for all personnel during both the current social distancing standards as well as the impending return of competition despite continued risks. In this commentary, we offer strategies for utilizing technology and data tools as components of longitudinal COVID-19 surveillance based on ongoing research efforts as well as current guidance from governing bodies, while also serving the performance needs of the athletes and staff.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of utilizing heart rate to derive an estimate of core body temperature in American Football athletes. This was evaluated by combining commercially available Zephyr Bioharness devices, which includes an embedded estimated core temperature (ECT) algorithm, and an ingestible radio frequency core temperature pill during the highest heat injury risk timepoint of the season, summer training camp. Results showed a concordance of 0.

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The purpose of this longitudinal, descriptive study was to observe changes in maximal strength measured via isometric clean grip mid-thigh pull and home runs (total and home runs per game) across three years of training and three competitive seasons for four National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 baseball players. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, revealing significant univariate effects of time for peak force (PF) ( = 0.003) and peak force allometrically scaled (PFa) ( = 0.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate intrasession reliability of countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) force-time characteristics, as well as relationships between CMJ and IMTP metrics. Division I sport and club athletes ( = 112) completed two maximal effort CMJ and IMTP trials, in that order, on force plates. Relative and absolute reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) > 0.

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A necessarily high standard for physical readiness in tactical environments is often accompanied by high incidences of injury due to overaccumulations of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). To account for instances of overtraining stimulated by NMF, close monitoring of neuromuscular performance is warranted. Previously validated tests, such as the countermovement jump, are useful means for monitoring performance adaptations, resiliency to fatigue, and risk for injury.

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Purpose: The commercial market is saturated with technologies that claim to collect proficient, free-living sleep measurements despite a severe lack of independent third-party evaluations. Therefore, the present study evaluated the accuracy of various commercial sleep technologies during in-home sleeping conditions.

Materials And Methods: Data collection spanned 98 separate nights of sleep from five healthy adults.

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is being pushed to new capabilities which enable studies on systems that were previously out of reach. Among recent innovations, TEM through liquid cells (LC-TEM) enables in operando observation of biological phenomena. This work applies LC-TEM to the study of biological components as they interact on an abiotic surface.

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Background: Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine (thiopurines) are common adjunct treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although thiopurine therapy in organ transplant recipients is known to increase nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), dermatologic literature yields less data regarding NMSC risk of thiopurine use in IBD.

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review current literature on NMSC risk in patients with IBD using thiopurine therapy.

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DNA aptamers that bind biomolecular targets are of interest as the recognition element in colorimetric sensors based on gold nanoparticles (AuNP), where sensor functionality is related to changes in AuNP colloidal stability upon target binding. In order to understand the role of target binding on DNA-AuNP colloidal stability, we have used high-resolution NMR to characterize the interactions of the 36 nucleotide cocaine-binding aptamer (MN4) and related aptamers with AuNPs, cocaine, and cocaine metabolites. Changes in the aptamer imino proton NMR spectra with low (20 nM) concentrations of AuNP show that the aptamers undergo fast-exchange adsorption on the nanoparticle surface.

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