A nasal airway-on-chip model to evaluate airflow pre-conditioning during epithelial cell maturation at the air-liquid interface.

The function of a well-differentiated nasal epithelium is largely affected by airflow-induced wall shear stress, yet fewmodels recapitulate this dynamic condition. Models which do expose cells to airflow exclusively initiate flow after the differentiation process has occurred., basal cells are constantly replenishing the epithelium under airflow conditions, indicating that airflow may affect the development and function of the differentiated epithelium.

The external validity of a novel contract-relax stretching technique on knee flexor range of motion.

Introduction: Compromised joint range of motion (ROM) can negatively affect the capacity to perform activities of daily living in clinical populations. Recently, similar improvements in dorsiflexion ROM were reported following dynamometry-based contract-relax (CR) stretching and modified CR stretching technique (stretch-return-contract [SRC]) where the contraction phase was performed "off stretch." As neither the impact of SRC on other muscle groups nor the ecological validity of SRC performed in an applied environment has been tested, the acute effects of both techniques in dynamometry- (CR and SRC ) and field-based (CR and SRC ) environments were compared with the hamstring muscle group.

Middle Ear Disease and Cochlear Implant Function: A Case Study.

Objectives And Methods: It has been our clinical observation that active middle ear disease (MED) temporally corresponds to a transient decrease in cochlear implant (CI) function, specifically at the apical electrodes. This is non-intuitive as CI function is thought to be independent of middle ear aeration and inflammation. The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how active MED negatively affects both subjective hearing complaints and objective impedance measures in a CI patient.

Ligament of Barkow of the craniocervical junction: its anatomy and potential clinical and functional significance.

Object: Knowledge of the anatomy of the ligaments that unite the head with the neck is important to the clinician who treats patients with lesions in this region. Although the anatomy and function of these ligaments have been well described, those of the Barkow ligament (BL) have yet to be studied.

Methods: Via an anterior approach, 13 unembalmed adult cadavers underwent dissection of the craniocervical junction with special attention to the presence, anatomy, and function of the BL.

Relationship between the internal laryngeal nerve and the triticeal cartilage: a potentially unrecognized compression site during anterior cervical spine and carotid endarterectomy operations.

Objective: The triticeal cartilage has received scant attention in the literature. To date, its relationship to the nearby internal laryngeal nerve has not been studied. Therefore, to elucidate further this anatomic relationship and its potential surgical implications, this study was performed.

Regional vascular relationships to the foramen ovale: an anatomical study with application to approaches to the external skull base with an emphasis on transcutaneous procedures for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

Object: The foramen ovale and its neighboring vascular structures may be seen via external approaches to the skull base. More commonly, however, transcutaneous approaches to the foramen ovale are performed. Although complications with this latter technique are uncommon, studies of the distances to the surrounding extracranial vascular structures are lacking in the literature.

Compression of the cervical internal carotid artery by the stylopharyngeus muscle: an anatomical study with potential clinical significance. Laboratory investigation.

Object: Occasionally, the internal carotid artery (ICA) may be symptomatically compressed in the neck by an elongated styloid process. The authors are unaware, however, of any study to date in which the aim was to describe the compression of this part of the ICA by surrounding muscles extending from the styloid process.

Methods: In 20 adult cadavers (40 sides), dissection of the cervical ICA was performed, with special attention given to the relationship between this artery and the stylopharyngeus muscle.