Use of laser-assisted indocyanine green angiography for early division of the forehead flap pedicle.

Importance: The paramedian forehead flap is used to reconstruct medium to large nasal defects. The staged nature, with its vascular pedicle bridging the medial eyebrow to the nose, results in significant facial deformity. Earlier division lessens this morbidity.

Complications of rhinoplasty.

This article provides a concise description of common complications of rhinoplasty, recommendations for avoidance, and corrective techniques. The surgeon must have a comprehensive understanding of nasal anatomy and effects of surgical maneuvers to help avoid complications. Meticulous history, physical examination, and standardized photographic documentation are central to preoperative evaluation and surgical planning for rhinoplasty.

Enhancement of facial scars with dermabrasion.

This article describes the physiology of wound healing, discusses considerations and techniques for dermabrasion, and presents case studies and figures for a series of patients who underwent dermabrasion after surgeries for facial trauma.

A controlled laboratory and clinical evaluation of a three-dimensional endoscope for endonasal sinus and skull base surgery.

Background: One criticism of current video systems for endoscopic surgery is that two-dimensional (2D) images lack depth perception and may impair surgical dissection. To objectively measure the efficacy of 3D endoscopy, we designed a training model with specific tasks to show potential differences between 2D and 3D endoscopy. Its clinical value was then evaluated during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgical cases.

Endoscopic pedicled nasoseptal flap reconstruction for pediatric skull base defects.

Objectives/hypothesis: A prospective study of endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches (EEA) with nasoseptal flap reconstructions revealed anecdotal evidence of less available relative septal length in pediatric patients. Our goal is to use radioanatomic analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans to determine limitations of the nasoseptal flap in pediatric skull base reconstruction and to describe clinical outcomes after using the nasoseptal flap in six pediatric patients.

Study Design: Six pediatric patients who underwent EEA with nasoseptal flap reconstruction were prospectively analyzed for flap coverage and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

Cytokine amplification by respiratory syncytial virus infection in human nasal epithelial cells.

Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of upper respiratory infections and is known to play a causal role in the pathogenesis of rhinitis, sinusitis, acute otitis media, and pneumonia. RSV appears to prime the respiratory tract to secondary inciting events, such as bacterial or antigen challenges. To study the proinflammatory priming effects of RSV infection, cytokine expression was measured in well-differentiated human nasal epithelial cells (WD-NE) after RSV infection alone or after subsequent tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha stimulation.