Isolated Canalicular Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia: New Disease Description, Clinical Spectrum, Proposed Management, and Outcomes.

Purpose: To define the clinical entity of "isolated canalicular pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia."

Methods: A retrospective interventional case series that included biopsy-proven cases of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the canaliculi. Dacryoendoscopy was performed before the surgical procedure to determine the extent of the lesion.

Pterygopalatine Fossa- A Keystone Area in Disease Progression and Management in Rhino-Oculo-Cerebral Mucormycosis.

To analyze the involvement of disease in pterygopalatine fossa (PPF), its relation to regional extension of disease and the treatment outcome in rhino-oculo-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). A prospective study was done including 50 patients diagnosed with ROCM. All patients were examined and evaluated with high resolution CT and MRI imaging.

Cinnabarinic acid protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by activating Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor-dependent AMPK signaling.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is an advanced form of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) characterized by accumulation of fats in liver, chronic inflammation, hepatocytic ballooning, and fibrosis. This study investigates the significance of hepatic Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) signaling in cinnabarinic acid (CA)-mediated protection against MASH. Here, we report that livers of high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet-fed hepatocyte-specific Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor knockout mice (AhR-hKO) exhibited aggravated steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis compared to control AhR-floxed livers.

Early Insights Into the Role of Personality in Adherence to Voice Rest After Phonomicrosurgery.

Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to explore the relationship between personality and adherence to voice rest in individuals following phonosurgery for benign mucosal or submucosal/lamina propria lesions. We hypothesized that adherence to voice rest would be inversely related to Extraversion and directly related to Conscientiousness, two superfactor traits of the Big Five personality model.

Study Design: This was a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study.

Safety of Rapid Intermittent Bolus versus Slow Continuous Infusion of Hypertonic Saline for Managing Symptomatic Severe Hyponatremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aims: Three percent hypertonic saline (3NS) is an established treatment for severe hyponatremia. The optimal regimen for administering 3NS for severe hyponatremia, with the aim to minimize side effects is not known. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety profile of rapid intermittent bolus (RIB) versus slow continuous infusion (SCI) of 3NS for managing symptomatic severe hyponatremia.

Association between oral health and handgrip strength: a systematic review.

Objective: It is well-established that muscle mass strength is a key factor in healthy physical functioning and is necessary for an active lifestyle. Handgrip strength (HGS) is the most convenient and cost-effective method for evaluating overall muscle strength in the body. Various studies have investigated the direct impact of inflammatory oral diseases on HGS, but with conflicting results.

Mpox in a Patient With a Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 Gain-of-Function Mutation.

We report a case of mpox in a patient with a signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 gain-of-function mutation. Despite initial improvement with intravenous immune globulin and tecovirimat, severe symptoms developed and the patient died. This underscores the need for immune system optimization and effective virucidal treatments for mpox.

Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and biological profiling of C-19 trityl and silyl ether andrographolide analogs in colon cancer and breast cancer cells.

Andrographolide, a labdane diterpenoid isolated from Andrographis paniculata, putatively functions through covalent inhibition of NF-κB, a transcription factor that modulates tumor survival and metastasis. Previous studies have found that functionalization of the C-19 hydroxyl alters the primary mode of action from inhibition of NF-κB to the modulation of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. Here, we synthesized a series of twelve C-19 trityl and silyl ether analogs, including three novel substituted trityl analogs and four novel substituted silyl analogs of andrographolide.

Design and evaluation of potent multiepitope broad spectrum DNA and protein vaccine candidates against leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease that causes severe health complications with no approved vaccine which provide broad range protection. In this study, we have focused on LruC protein from the outer membrane of Leptospira spp. LruC protein has been considered as promising target for vaccine due to its immunogenicity and conservancy.

Single-Cell Analysis of Sex and Gender Differences in the Human Brain During Development and Disease.

Sex and gender (SG) differences in the human brain are of interest to society and science as numerous processes are impacted by them, including brain development, behavior, and diseases. By collecting publicly available single-cell data from the in-utero to elderly age in healthy, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis samples, we identified and characterized SG-biased genes in ten brain cell types across 9 age and disease groups. Sex and gender differences in the transcriptome were present throughout the lifespan and across all cell types.

A Novel Deep Learning-Based (3D U-Net Model) Automated Pulmonary Nodule Detection Tool for CT Imaging.

Background: Precise detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT) is crucial for early diagnosis and management.

Objectives: In this study, we propose the use of a deep learning-based algorithm to automatically detect pulmonary nodules in computed tomography (CT) scans. We evaluated the performance of the algorithm against the interpretation of radiologists to analyze the effectiveness of the algorithm.

A retrospective study of 5S behaviours of Physical Activity (PA) among suburban Mumbai population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Background: T2DM is a chronic metabolic disorder to manage the same lifestyle modification is cornerstone. In 2022, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) published a consensus report targeting the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which emphasised the importance of regular aerobic and resistance exercise. Both forms of physical activity (PA) can improve blood glucose, HbA1C levels, flexibility and balance.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Arrhythmias: A Meta-Analysis of 38 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown promising results in reducing hospitalizations from heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular mortality. However, their effect on arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD) is not well established.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the association between SGLT2i and the risk of arrhythmias and SCD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, HF, or chronic kidney disease.

Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanourchins for Imatinib Mesylate Delivery: Biophysical Characterization, Profiling, and Anti-Colon Cancer Efficacy.

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of silver nanourchins coated with chitosan (IMT-CS-AgNUs) as a novel platform for the delivery of imatinib mesylate (IMT) for the treatment of colon cancer. analysis discovered 10 key metabolites for IMT, which have associated respiratory and neurotoxic risks. Molecular docking studies showed the high affinity binding of IMT to critical proteins, including BCL2 (-6.

Capacitive Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Avian (H5N1) Influenza and in Aerosols.

Airborne transmission via aerosols is a dominant route for the transmission of respiratory pathogens, including avian H5N1 influenza A virus and bacteria. Rapid and direct detection of respiratory pathogen aerosols has been a long-standing technical challenge. Herein, we develop a novel label-free capacitive biosensor using an interlocked Prussian blue (PB)/graphene oxide (GO) network on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for direct detection of avian H5N1 and .

Navigating a Rare Neurological Conundrum: Quadriparesis in Neurocysticercosis With Hydrocephalus.

This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges in identifying neurocysticercosis, which is initially mistaken for tubercular arachnoiditis. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are crucial for preventing severe complications. The case also describes the importance of awareness and timely treatment of neglected tropical diseases to improve patient outcomes.

Mitral valve replacement in Kartagener's syndrome.

Kartagener's syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease featuring the clinical triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus. Situs inversus is associated with dextrocardia wherein the cardiac apex lies over to the right. Acquired valvular lesions in this condition are rare and surgery on them is even rarer.

Self-Reported Side Effects Associated With Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: Social Media Data Analysis.

This study focuses on the prevalence and dangers of selective androgen receptor modulator use through a social media (Reddit) analysis. Physicians should be aware that patients are increasingly seeking medical advice through social media, and adverse events are likely underreported in the literature.

UPF 648, a Selective KMO Inhibitor, Attenuates Psychomotor and Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO), a key enzyme in the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism, converts kynurenine into the neurotoxic intermediate quinolinic acid (QA). QA, an -methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist, increases glutamate release and inhibits its reuptake, resulting in excitotoxic cell death in the hippocampus and striatum. Plasma metabolomics study exhibited KP metabolites as the most altered pathway in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Patient Selection and Outcomes in Reirradiation for Head and Neck Cancers: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aims: Reirradiation (re-RT) in head and neck cancers requires careful patient selection. This study aimed to identify factors influencing re-RT decisions, analyse survival outcomes, and evaluate toxicities.

Materials And Methods: From 2013 to 2017, 250 patients previously treated with radical RT for head and neck cancers were prospectively included.

Improving the Health and Well-Being of Individuals by Addressing Social, Economic, and Health Inequities (Healthy Eating Active Living): Protocol for a Cohort Study.

Background: Health inequity is interlinked with the good health and well-being of an individual. Health inequity can be due to various socioeconomic factors like income levels or social status. Digital health interventions have the potential to reduce the existing health inequities.

Management of Posterior Capsular Rent in Cataract Surgery Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in India: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Cataracts are the primary cause of preventable blindness worldwide, especially in India. Various surgical procedures are available for treating cataracts. Nevertheless, extreme vigilance is required to avoid associated complications of surgical procedures such as posterior capsular rent (PCR), endophthalmitis, and nucleus drop.

Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Atrophic Gastritis by Serological Biomarker Test (GastroPanel Quick Test) in Gastroscopy Referral Patients in India.

Increased demand of the serological biomarker test (GastroPanel) in non-invasive diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) risk conditions, i.e., atrophic gastritis (AG) and () infection, prompted the design of GastroPanel Quick test (GPQT) (Biohit Oyj, Helsinki, Finland) for point-of-care (POC) settings.