A case-control study of syphilis among men who have sex with men in New York City: association With HIV infection.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with syphilis among men who report sex with other men in New York City. DESIGN, SETTING AND STUDY SUBJECTS: We conducted a case-control study among 88 men who reported sex with men in the previous year, 18 to 55 years old and diagnosed with primary or secondary syphilis during 2001; and 176 control subjects frequently matched by age and type of health provider.

Results: HIV prevalence among syphilis cases was 48% compared with 15% among control subjects (P <0.