The Ubiquitous Wilt-Inducing Pathogen -A Review of Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis.

is one of the most economically important plant fungal pathogens, causing devastating Fusarium wilt diseases on a diverse range of hosts, including many key crop plants. Consequently, has been the subject of extensive research to help develop and improve crop protection strategies. The sequencing of the genome 14 years ago has greatly accelerated the discovery and characterization of key genes contributing to biology and virulence.

A MAP kinase cascade broadly regulates the lifestyle of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and can be targeted by HIGS for disease control.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold or stem rot in a wide range of economically important plants, bringing significant yield losses worldwide. Control of this pathogen is difficult as its resting structure sclerotia can survive in soil for years, and no Resistance genes have been identified in S. sclerotiorum hosts.

Immune receptor mimicking hormone receptors: a new guarding strategy.

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors play crucial roles in immune responses against pathogens. How diverse NLRs recognize different pathogen effectors remains a significant question. A recent study published in Nature uncovered how pepper NLR Tsw detects phytohormone receptors' interference caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) effector, triggering a robust immune response, showcasing a new manner of NLR guarding.

Plant immune signaling network mediated by helper NLRs.

Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are intracellular immune receptors for pathogen recognition and signaling. They include sensor NLRs (sNLRs) that detect pathogens, and helper NLRs, which transduce downstream immune signals. During immune responses, both membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and sNLRs rely on helper NLRs for signal transduction.

The Devastating Rice Blast Airborne Pathogen -A Review on Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis.

is one of the most devastating pathogenic fungi that affects a wide range of cereal plants, especially rice. Rice blast disease causes substantial economic losses around the globe. The genome was first sequenced at the beginning of this century and was recently updated with improved annotation and completeness.

Application of System Dynamics to Inform a Model of Adolescent SBIRT Implementation in Primary Care Settings.

System dynamics (SD) modeling is used to compare and contrast strategies for effective implementation of an evidence-based adolescent behavioral health treatment in primary care settings. With qualitative and quantitative data from an on-going cluster-randomized trial in 7 federally qualified health center sites, two implementation conditions were compared: generalist vs. specialist.