Surgical and Nonsurgical Pediatric Hand Fractures: A Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Pediatric hand fractures are common and approximately 10% require surgery.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study reports on hand fractures in a large pediatric population and identifies the characteristics and patterns of fractures that required surgical correction. A χ analysis was done to evaluate the association between individual fracture variables and surgery.

Microfluidic implementation of functional cytometric microbeads for improved multiplexed cytokine quantification.

Functional microbeads have been widely applied in molecular identification and other biochemical applications in the past decade, owing to the compatibility with flow cytometry and the commercially available microbeads for a wide range of molecular identification. Nevertheless, there is still a technical hurdle caused by the significant sample volume required (∼50 l), limited molecular detection limit (∼20 pg/ml), complicated liquid/microbead handling procedures, and the long reaction time (>2 h). In this work, we optimize the operation of an automated microbead-based microfluidic device for the reagent mixing and the dynamic cytokine detection.