A new tool to assess Clinical Diversity In Meta-analyses (CDIM) of interventions.

Objective: To develop and validate Clinical Diversity In Meta-analyses (CDIM), a new tool for assessing clinical diversity between trials in meta-analyses of interventions.

Study Design And Setting: The development of CDIM was based on consensus work informed by empirical literature and expertise. We drafted the CDIM tool, refined it, and validated CDIM for interrater scale reliability and agreement in three groups.

Author Correction: New infant cranium from the African Miocene sheds light on ape evolution.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

New infant cranium from the African Miocene sheds light on ape evolution.

The evolutionary history of extant hominoids (humans and apes) remains poorly understood. The African fossil record during the crucial time period, the Miocene epoch, largely comprises isolated jaws and teeth, and little is known about ape cranial evolution. Here we report on the, to our knowledge, most complete fossil ape cranium yet described, recovered from the 13 million-year-old Middle Miocene site of Napudet, Kenya.