Correction to: Phlegmonous appendicitis in children is characterized by eosinophilia in white blood cell counts.

The original article can be found online.

Phlegmonous appendicitis in children is characterized by eosinophilia in white blood cell counts.

Background: Phlegmonous and complicated appendicitis represent independent entities depending on hereditary immunological mechanisms. However, clinically there are no means to distinguish uncomplicated phlegmonous from complicated appendicitis. The ability to distinguish these two forms of appendicitis is relevant as current attempts are to treat both forms of the disease differently.

Obstruction of peritoneal dialysis catheter is associated with catheter type and independent of omentectomy: A comparative data analysis from a transplant surgical and a pediatric surgical department.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter occlusion is a common complication with up to 36% of catheter obstructions described in the literature. We present a comparison of complications and outcome after implantation of PD catheters in a transplant surgical and a pediatric surgical department.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 154 PD catheters, which were implanted during 2009-2015 by transplant surgeons (TS, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, n=85 catheters) and pediatric surgeons (PS, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany, n=69 catheters) in 122 children (median (range) age 3.

Incidence of BK polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation is independent of type of immunosuppressive therapy.

Background: BK polyomavirus (BKV) infection and BKV nephropathy (BKVN) are risk factors for allograft function and survival.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed BK viremia and BKVN in 348 patients who received a kidney transplantation donated after brain death (n=232) or living donation (n=116) between 2008 and 2013. A total of 266 patients were treated with standard immunosuppression consisting of basiliximab induction, calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), and mycophenolic acid (MPA, n=219) or everolimus (n=47); 82 patients received more intense immunosuppression with lymphocyte depletion, CNI and MPA (n=38) or everolimus (n=44).

TLR4 preconditioning is associated with low success of OK-432 treatment for lymphatic malformations in children.

Purpose: We have recently shown that the relative TLR4 expression on monocytes of low responding pediatric patients after OK-432 treatment is significantly reduced after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared with high responding children. The aim of this study was to perform further analysis to explain this observation.

Methods: Monocytes from children with high (HR, n = 5) and low response (LR, n = 6) after previous OK-432 treatment were stimulated with LPS for 20 h and analyzed with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (mean fluorescence intensity, MFI; level of significance P ≤ 0.

Surgical complications after peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation depend on children's weight.

Background: Surgical complications are estimated to be as high as 30%-40% during the first 8 weeks after implantation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters.

Methods: 70 PD catheters which were implanted by transplant surgeons in 61 children (median age 3.3years, range 0.

Dynamic Toll-like receptor expression predicts outcome of sclerotherapy for lymphatic malformations with OK-432 in children.

Background: Sclerotherapy with OK-432 is recommended as a first-line treatment for lymphatic malformations. However, 40% of patients show poor response, defined by involution to <50% of the original size. It has been suggested that the OK-432 effect is highly dependent on the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-dependent expression of TLR7 in antigen-presenting cells.

Activation of KCa3.1 by SKA-31 induces arteriolar dilatation and lowers blood pressure in normo- and hypertensive connexin40-deficient mice.

Background And Purpose: The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 is expressed in the vascular endothelium where its activation causes endothelial hyperpolarization and initiates endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH)-dependent dilatation. Here, we investigated whether pharmacological activation of KCa3.