Positive and negative emotions predict weight loss intentions and behaviors beyond theory of planned behavior constructs.

Purpose: The current study examined the predictive utility of emotional valence (i.e., positive and negative emotions) on weight loss intentions and behaviors, beyond theory of planned behavior constructs (i.

Motivated shortcomings in explanation: the role of comparative self-evaluation and awareness of explanation recipient's knowledge.

Being aware of someone else's existing knowledge is a prerequisite to effectively adapting an explanation to that person's learning needs. However, such knowledge awareness introduces the potential for motivated self-evaluation based on relative knowledge, that is, for social comparison. Because favorable social comparisons are actively defended, we propose that knowledge awareness might undermine information sharing in explanation when social comparison motives are active.