Crossed clinical features between eating disorders and types of bipolar disorder: Results from the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise - Bipolar Disorder cohort.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are liable to alter the disease course of bipolar disorder (BD). We explored the crossed clinical features between EDs and BD, particularly as a function of BD type (BD1 vs. BD2).

Definition of early age at onset in bipolar disorder according to distinctive neurodevelopmental pathways: insights from the FACE-BD study.

Background: Converging evidence suggests that a subgroup of bipolar disorder (BD) with an early age at onset (AAO) may develop from aberrant neurodevelopment. However, the definition of early AAO remains unprecise. We thus tested which age cut-off for early AAO best corresponds to distinguishable neurodevelopmental pathways.

Physical and mental health status of former smokers and non-smokers patients with bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Up to 70% individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are lifetime tobacco smokers, a major modifiable risk factor for morbidity. However, quitting smoking is rarely proposed to individuals with BD, mainly because of fear of unfavorable metabolic or psychiatric changes. Evaluating the physical and mental impact of tobacco cessation is primordial.

Direct medical cost of bipolar disorder: Insights from the FACE-BD longitudinal cohort.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe chronic psychiatric disorder affecting 0.5 to 1% of the population worldwide. To date, most studies have estimated the cost of BD via information sourced from insurance claims with limited information on clinical characteristics and course of BD.

Association between childhood maltreatment and the clinical course of bipolar disorders: A survival analysis of mood recurrences.

Objectives: Childhood maltreatment, also referred as childhood trauma, increases the severity of bipolar disorders (BD). Childhood maltreatment has been associated with more frequent mood recurrences, however, mostly in retrospective studies. Since scarce, further prospective studies are required to identify whether childhood maltreatment may be associated with the time to recurrence in BD.

A pilot study of new approaches to exploring illness trajectories and patterns of comorbidity in major mental disorders.

Aims: We explored lifetime comorbidities in clinical subsamples with a diagnosis of Psychosis (N = 143), bipolar (BD = 511), and unipolar disorders (UP = 861).

Methods: We analyzed trajectories and patterns of comorbidities using novel metrics, namely bubble plots and density of antecedent events per year of illness exposure per individual.

Results: Age at onset (AAO) of most comorbidities was similar to epidemiological studies, but cumulative rates were higher in clinical cases.

Using density of antecedent events and trajectory path analysis to investigate family-correlated patterns of onset of bipolar I disorder: a comparison of cohorts from Europe and USA.

Background: Major contributors to the global burden of bipolar disorders (BD) are the early age at onset (AAO) and the co-occurrence of non-mood disorders before and after the onset of BD. Using data from two independent cohorts from Europe and the USA, we investigated whether the trajectories of BD-I onset and patterns of psychiatric comorbidities differed in (a) individuals with or without a family history (FH) of BD, or (b) probands and parents who both had BD-I.

Methods: First, we estimated cumulative probabilities and AAO of comorbid mental disorders in familial and non-familial cases of BD-I (Europe, n = 573), and sex-matched proband-parent pairs of BD-I cases (USA, n = 194).

Handedness in bipolar disorders is associated with specific neurodevelopmental features: results of the BD-FACE cohort.

Objectives: High rates of non-right-handedness (NRH) and mixed-handedness exist in neurodevelopmental disorders. Dysfunctional neurodevelopmental pathways may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of bipolar disorders (BD), at least in some subgroups. Yet little is known about correlates of NRH and mixed-handedness in BD.

Childhood maltreatment and metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorders: In search of moderators.

As compared to the general population, adult individuals with bipolar disorders (BD) have higher mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases and higher prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Recent evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment may contribute to the cardiovascular burden in individuals with BD. However, studies are scarce, with limited sample sizes and inconsistent results.

The course of bipolar disorder as a function of the presence and sequence of onset of comorbid alcohol use disorders in outpatients attending the Fondamental Advanced Centres of Expertise.

Objectives: The comorbidity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and bipolar disorder (BD) has been repeatedly associated with poorer clinical outcomes than BD without AUD. We aimed to extend these findings by focusing on the characteristics associated with the sequence of onset of BD and AUD.

Methods: 3,027 outpatients from the Fondamental Advanced Centres of Expertise were ascertained for BD-1, BD-2 and AUD diagnoses, including their respective ages at onset (AAOs, N =2,804).

Clinical characteristics of bipolar disorders with postpartum depressive onset.

Background: Postpartum period is associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder diagnosis and relapse, mainly major depressive episode. Onset during this period might be associated with specific characteristics.

Aim: To compare the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of parous women presenting with bipolar disorder and an index depressive episode occurring during or outside the postpartum period.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a sample of individuals with bipolar disorders: results from the FACE-BD cohort.

Objective: Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common liver disease in Western populations. While obesity and metabolic abnormalities are highly frequent in bipolar disorders (BD), no studies have been performed to estimate the prevalence of NALFD in individuals with BD. The aim of our study is to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD and to identify the potential associated risk factors in a large sample of BD individuals.

Trajectories of functioning in bipolar disorders: A longitudinal study in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort.

Objective: We aimed at identifying distinct trajectories of functioning and at describing their respective clinical characteristics in a cohort of individuals with bipolar disorders.

Methods: We included a sample of 2351 individuals with bipolar disorders who have been followed-up to 3 years as part as the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort. Global functioning was measured using the Functioning Assessment Short Test.

Metabolic and psychiatric effects of acyl coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI).

Acyl coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP), also known as diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) is a multifunctional protein with an intracellular action (as ACBP), as well as with an extracellular role (as DBI). The plasma levels of soluble ACBP/DBI are elevated in human obesity and reduced in anorexia nervosa. Accumulating evidence indicates that genetic or antibody-mediated neutralization of ACBP/DBI has anorexigenic effects, thus inhibiting food intake and inducing lipo-catabolic reactions in mice.

Sleep quality, chronotype and metabolic syndrome components in bipolar disorders during the remission period: Results from the FACE-BD cohort.

Data on sleep or circadian abnormalities and metabolic disturbances in euthymic bipolar disorders are scarce and based on small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between sleep disturbances, chronotype and metabolic components in a large sample of euthymic patients with bipolar disorders (BD). From 2009 to 2015, 752 individuals with bipolar disorders from the FACE-BD cohort were included and assessed for sleep quality, chronotype and metabolic components.

Neuropsychological functioning, age, and medication adherence in bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Poor adherence to medication is frequent in bipolar disorder (BD) and has been associated with several factors. To date, the relationship between low adherence and neuropsychological functioning in BD is still unclear. As age and neuropsychological functioning might have opposing influences on adherence, our aim was to investigate this link with a particular focus on the effect of age.

Depressive residual symptoms are associated with lower adherence to medication in bipolar patients without substance use disorder: results from the FACE-BD cohort.

Background: Poor adherence to medication is frequent in Bipolar Disorder (BD). It is associated with illness severity and increases total medical cost. Several factors are associated with poor adherence but previous studies included heterogeneous cohorts of patients with and without current mood episode, with and without SUD.

A genome-wide scan for linkage to chromosomal regions in 382 sibling pairs with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Objective: Some genome-wide scans and association studies for schizophrenia susceptibility genes have yielded significant positive findings, but there is disagreement between studies on their locations, and no mutation has yet been found in any gene. Since schizophrenia is a complex disorder, a study with sufficient power to detect a locus with a small or moderate gene effect is necessary.

Method: In a genome-wide scan of 382 sibling pairs with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, 396 highly polymorphic markers spaced approximately 10 centimorgans apart throughout the genome were genotyped in all individuals.