The impact of socioeconomic position (SEP) on women's health over the lifetime.

The "social gradient of health" refers to the steep inverse associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and the risk of premature mortality and morbidity. In many societies, due to cultural and structural factors, women and girls have reduced access to the socioeconomic resources that ensure good health and wellbeing when compared with their male counterparts. Thus, the objective of this paper is to review how SEP - a construct at the heart of the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) theory - shapes the health and longevity of women and girls at all stages of the lifespan.

Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in the Year Following Acute Coronary Syndrome: How Do Women Fare?

Background: Women experience poorer health outcomes following acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) have emerged as sensitive and cost-effective markers of autonomic function and prognostic risk factors of poor cardiac outcomes. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether sex-specific differences existed across HR and five parameters of HRV, at 1 and 12 months following ACS diagnosis.

How Does Mental Health Impact Women's Heart Health?

From adolescence until old age, women are more vulnerable to common mental disorders (CMDs; depression and anxiety) than men at all stages of the life course. By middle age, women who have clinical depression are at twice the risk of having an incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) than those without. This has important implications for the way we prevent, identify and treat both CMDs and coronary heart disease in women.

Inequalities and Deteriorations in Cardiovascular Health in Premenopausal US Women, 1990-2016.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the United States have declined by up to two thirds in recent decades. Closer examination of these trends reveals substantial inequities in the distribution of mortality benefits. It is worrying that the uneven distribution of CHD that exists from lowest to highest social class-the social gradient-has become more pronounced in the United States since 1990 and is most pronounced for women.

Sex-Specific Differences in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes After a Cardiac Event: A Cohort Study Examining the Role of Depression, Worry and Autonomic Function.

Background: To determine whether differential all-cause hospital readmission exists for men and women 2 years after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and to identify potential autonomic and psychological pathways contributing to this association.

Methods: Four hundred and sixteen (416) patients admitted with ACS were recruited from coronary care wards. Participants attended the study centre at one (T0) and 12 (T1) months following discharge.