Apnea of Prematurity and Oxidative Stress: Potential Implications.

Apnea of prematurity (AOP) occurs in 85% of neonates ≤34 weeks of gestational age. AOP is frequently associated with intermittent hypoxia (IH). This narrative review reports on the putative relationship of AOP with IH and the resulting oxidative stress (OS).

Modulation of intestinal TLR4 expression in infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.

Objective: Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) has been associated with the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in term and late-preterm neonates. In this study, we used stool gene expression to determine if an increase in baseline inflammation in the intestine of infants with NOWS is associated with these findings.

Study Design: Stool samples were prospectively collected between days 1-3 and days 4-9 after delivery for opioid-exposed ( n = 9) or non-exposed neonates (n = 8).