Morphometric Analysis of the Neural Arch of C2 Vertebra in Indian Population.

Background And Objective: The most common injuries to upper cervical spine are fractures of the second cervical vertebrae. The study aims to evaluate the morphometry of the neural arch of the second cervical vertebrae in the South Indian population.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three second cervical vertebrae of undetermined gender and age without any gross defect were used for the study.

Surgical strategies in the management of atlantoaxial dislocation in Down syndrome.

Aims: To study the clinicoradiological features and treatment outcomes of atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) in Down syndrome.

Settings And Design: Retrospective case series.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective chart and radiology review of 9 Down syndrome patients with AAD managed at our center from 2007 to 2018.

Intracranial posterior fossa proliferating trichilemmal tumor: first case report.

Proliferating trichilemmal tumors (PTT) are rare benign lesions that predominantly occur in elderly women and usually affect the scalp. They originate from the outer root sheath of hair shafts and have trichilemmal differentiation on histopathological examination. Compared to trichilemmal cysts, PTTs show increased cell proliferation and variable cytological atypia.

Aerodynamic Evaluation of Flapping Wings with Leading-Edge Twisting.

The purpose of the current study is to emphasize the characteristics and phenomena of leading-edge twisting in flapping wing vehicles. A fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing method is applied to develop the flapping mechanisms with bevel gears to achieve the leading-edge twisting. Three flapping mechanisms were developed, including simple flapping only (type-A1: normal servo mechanism), flapping with continuous leading-edge twisting (type-B: servo-bevel gear mechanism), and flapping with restricted leading-edge twisting via mechanical stoppers (type-B1: servo-bevel gear mechanism with adjustable mechanical stoppers).

Turner Syndrome and Craniopharyngioma.

Turner syndrome (TS) affects nearly 1 in 2000 live births (1) and craniopharyngioma, a benign brain tumor, has been reported to occur at an incidence of 1.3 per million (2). These rare disorders are not known to coexist.

Treatment Outcomes and Follow-Up Compliance after Less than Total and Total Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas in 294 Patients.

Background: To document the outcomes and quality of follow-up compliance after planned subtotal, near-total and gross-total resection (STR, NTR, and GTR) of vestibular schwannomas (VSs).

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 294 consecutive patients, who underwent excision of a previously untreated VS, between 2005 and 2015. Outcomes including long-term tumor control, facial nerve outcomes, and compliance with follow-up advice were studied.

Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Diagnostic Conundrum.

A 70-year-old man presented with complaints of rapid cognitive decline and new onset leukopenia. The patient had a 17-year history of refractory seizures. Detailed review of symptoms and investigations revealed the patient met American College of Rheumatology (ACR) diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Cervical intramedullary schwannoma mimicking a glioma.

We present a case of a cervical intramedullary schwannoma (IS), which resembled a glioma on radiology. Somatic and root pain, the most common presenting complaints of IS, were lacking in our patient, and the characteristic magnetic resonance finding of an enhancing thickened nerve root in IS, was absent in our case. Preoperative diagnosis of a cervical IS is not always possible.

An unusually long survival of a patient with glioblastoma of spinal cord: a case report.

Primary glioblastoma of spinal cord are rare and are associated with poor survival especially in adults. We report a case of glioblastoma of thoracic spinal cord (D3 to D6) in an adult treated with partial resection surgery and radiation therapy with a survival of six years with good quality of life. The patient had paraplegia at presentation but improved after surgery and radiation therapy to grade 4 in both lower limbs.

Experience with biodegradable polymer coated sirolimus-eluting coronary stent system in "real-life" percutaneous coronary intervention: 24-month data from the manipal-s registry.

Introduction: Despite the undeniable clinical efficacy of drug-eluting stents with durable polymers, concerns regarding their long-term safety have been raised, especially in more complex subsets. The Manipal-S Registry was designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the biodegradable polymer coated Supralimus(®) Sirolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent for the treatment of coronary artery disease, across a wide range of patients who are treated in real-life clinical practice.

Methods: All the consecutive 116 patients who underwent single-vessel or multiple vessel percutaneous coronary interventions with the use of Supralimus(®) sirolimus-eluting stents between September 2009 and December 2010, were included in this study.

Radial artery pseudoaneurysm managed by prolonged ultrasound-guided compression repair and aided by interval application of compression device.

We report a case of a right radial pseudoaneurysm due to assault. The pseudoaneurysm was treated successfully with prolonged ultrasound-guided compression for more than 300 minutes over multiple sittings coupled with the use of a compression device. We believe that if initial compression fails, a prolonged ultrasound-guided compression repair coupled with a compression device can greatly improve the success rates and can negate the use of more invasive procedures to treat pseudoaneurysms.

Temporal progression and spatial distribution of "normal" prevertebral soft tissue swelling following central corpectomy for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Objective: To document the temporal progression and spatial distribution of prevertebral soft tissue swelling (PSTS) after central corpectomy (CC) and to determine the variables affecting its severity.

Background: The natural attributes of PSTS following CC for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) have not been characterized in literature.

Materials And Methods: PSTS was measured at the C2 level and midpoint of the operated segment on lateral radiographs of the cervical spine taken pre-operatively and post-operatively (day 0, day 3/4, day 5 and day 6/7) in 93 patients with CSM undergoing one to three level uninstrumented CC.

Primary telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the cervical spine.

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) is one of the 8 subtypes of osteosarcoma that infrequently affects the spine. The radiopathological features of TOS overlap with those of more benign entities, most commonly the aneurysmal bone cyst), and therefore is a significant diagnostic challenge. It is a rare but well-described entity in the thoracolumbar and sacral spine, and to the authors' knowledge has not been previously reported in the cervical spine.

Comparison of the Clinical Profile and Complications of Mixed Malarial Infections of Plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Vivax versus Plasmodium Falciparum Mono-infection.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the clinical presentations and complications in patients having mixed malaria infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax with those of patients with malaria due to a P. falciparum mono-infection.

Methods: The medical records of malaria patients admitted to Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India, during the years 2008-10 were analysed.

Extradural developmental dural root sleeve cyst presenting as a lumbar paraspinal mass with renal compression in an infant.

Spinal extradural cysts do not normally present as a visible paraspinal mass or cause compression of the abdominal organs. The authors describe the case of a 9-month-old boy with multiple spinal extradural cysts. The largest of these cysts was along the right L-2 nerve root with significant extraspinal extension resulting in a visible slow-growing swelling in the right paraspinal region and radiological evidence of compression of the right kidney with hydronephrosis.

Syndrome of the trephined.

"Syndrome of the trephined" or "sinking skin flap syndrome" is an unusual syndrome in which neurological deterioration occurs following removal of a large skull bone flap. The neurological status of the patient can occasionally be strongly related to posture. A 77-year-old male patient with an acute subdural hematoma was treated using a hemicraniectomy and evacuation of the hematoma.

Cerebrospinal fluid leak during cervical corpectomy for ossified posterior longitudinal ligament: incidence, management, and outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Objective: To study the incidence of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in patients with ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) undergoing central cervical corpectomy (CC) and to describe a reliable technique for treating the leak after CC.

Summary Of Background Data: The rate of dural tear after CC is higher in patients with OPLL compared to other causes of cervical spinal stenosis.

The 'rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor' of the fourth ventricle.

Tumors containing both neuronal and glial components are a rare heterogeneous group with unique features that require further subclassification. The rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle is one of a number of recently described glioneuronal tumors, which has been accorded official WHO nosologic status only in 2007. We describe the clinical and pathologic features of two patients with rare rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors of the fourth ventricle, one of which was associated with dysgenetic tricho-rhinopharyngeal type I syndrome.