An ecosystem for producing and sharing metadata within the web of FAIR Data.

Background: Descriptive metadata are vital for reporting, discovering, leveraging, and mobilizing research datasets. However, resolving metadata issues as part of a data management plan can be complex for data producers. To organize and document data, various descriptive metadata must be created.

The rootstock modifies the arbuscular mycorrhizal community of the root system, while the influence of the scion is limited in grapevines.

Understanding the effects of grapevine rootstock and scion genotypes on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as well as the roles of these fungi in plant development, could provide new avenues for adapting viticulture to climate change and reducing agrochemical inputs. The root colonization of 10 rootstock/scion combinations was studied using microscopy and metabarcoding approaches and linked to plant development phenotypes. The AMF communities were analysed using 18S rRNA gene sequencing.

Allergen content of popular chemical hair relaxers: A product analysis.

Background: Chemical hair relaxers are widely utilized by black women, yet little research exists on the allergens present in these products.

Objective: This study aims to investigate allergen prevalence in the most popular chemical hair relaxers.

Methods: We analysed 41 products from five major retailers, identifying allergens through ingredient lists and comparing them to the 2020 American Contact Dermatitis Group Core allergen series.

Use it or Lose it: Predictors of Compliance and Satisfaction With Postoperative Nasal Stent Therapy After Primary Cleft Lip Repair.

Objective: Postoperative nasal stents (NSs) are used to improve esthetic outcomes after primary or secondary cleft lip repair (CLR). Prior studies have utilized anthropometric measurements or physician assessment to determine the efficacy of NS, but data on caregiver-reported outcomes is limited. This study aims to assess caregiver compliance and satisfaction with postoperative NS.

Correlation of Orthognathic Surgical Movements to Perception of Facial Appearance in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate.

Study Design: Cephalometric scans were compared before and after surgery to assess the degree of correction. Correlations between skeletal movements and survey outcomes were determined using multivariate regression analysis.

Objective: This study aims to identify relationships between subjective observer-reported improvements in esthetics and emotional appearance with specific surgical movements.

The mitochondrial orf117Sha gene desynchronizes pollen development and causes pollen abortion in Arabidopsis Sha cytoplasmic male sterility.

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is of major agronomical relevance in hybrid breeding. In gametophytic CMS, abortion of pollen is determined by the grain genotype, while in sporophytic CMS, it is determined by the mother plant genotype. While several CMS mechanisms have been dissected at the molecular level, gametophytic CMS has not been straightforwardly accessible.

Both the scion and rootstock of grafted grapevines influence the rhizosphere and root endophyte microbiomes, but rootstocks have a greater impact.

Background: Soil microorganisms play an extensive role in the biogeochemical cycles providing the nutrients necessary for plant growth. Root-associated bacteria and fungi, originated from soil, are also known to influence host health. In response to environmental stresses, the plant roots exude specific molecules influencing the composition and functioning of the rhizospheric and root microbiomes.

Microbial dysbiosis in roots and rhizosphere of grapevines experiencing decline is associated with active metabolic functions.

When grapevine decline, characterized by a premature decrease in vigor and yield and sometimes plant death, cannot be explained by pathological or physiological diseases, one may inquire whether the microbiological status of the soil is responsible. Previous studies have shown that the composition and structure of bacterial and fungal microbial communities in inter-row soil are affected in areas displaying vine decline, compared to areas with non-declining vines within the same plot. A more comprehensive analysis was conducted in one such plot.

Skin tone representation in dermatologic direct-to-consumer advertisements: a cross-sectional analysis and call to action.

Background: Direct-to-consumer advertisements (DTCAs) in medical marketing serve as a prominent modality to deliver information to an increasingly diverse audience of consumers and increase prescription sales. In dermatology, advertisements have the potential to shape the public's opinions, aid in the understanding of skin conditions, and raise awareness of available treatments.

Objective: To investigate and characterize the representation of skin tones in DTCAs.

CscoreTool-M infers 3D sub-compartment probabilities within cell population.

Motivation: Computational inference of genome organization based on Hi-C sequencing has greatly aided the understanding of chromatin and nuclear organization in three dimensions (3D). However, existing computational methods fail to address the cell population heterogeneity. Here we describe a probabilistic-modeling-based method called CscoreTool-M that infers multiple 3D genome sub-compartments from Hi-C data.

High quality mapping of chromatin at or near the nuclear lamina from small numbers of cells reveals cell cycle and developmental changes of chromatin at the nuclear periphery.

The chromatin associated with the nuclear lamina (NL) is referred to as lamina-associated domains (LADs). Here, we present an adaptation of the tyramide-signal amplification sequencing (TSA-seq) protocol, which we call chromatin pull down-based TSA-seq (cTSA-seq), that can be used to map chromatin regions at or near the NL from as little as 50 000 cells. The cTSA-seq mapped regions are composed of previously defined LADs and smaller chromatin regions that fall within the Hi-C defined B-compartment containing nuclear peripheral heterochromatin.

Color or money?: The impact of socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity on breast cancer mortality.

Background: Although the incidence of breast cancer is highest in White women, Black women die at a higher rate. Our aim was to compare the relative association between race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on breast cancer mortality.

Methods: We identified female breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2007 - 2011 and followed through 2016 in the SEER database.

Nuclear lamin isoforms differentially contribute to LINC complex-dependent nucleocytoskeletal coupling and whole-cell mechanics.

The ability of a cell to regulate its mechanical properties is central to its function. Emerging evidence suggests that interactions between the cell nucleus and cytoskeleton influence cell mechanics through poorly understood mechanisms. Here we conduct quantitative confocal imaging to show that the loss of A-type lamins tends to increase nuclear and cellular volume while the loss of B-type lamins behaves in the opposite manner.

Persistence of Disparity in Thyroid Cancer Survival After Adjustments for Socioeconomic Status and Access.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer incidence has increased substantially in the past 4 decades, estimated at 3.5% annually. Incidence is highest in white patients, yet black patients have the worst survival.

Metastatic Acral lentiginous melanoma: A case report and review.

Of the four subtypes of cutaneous melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is atypical in its presentation. ALM is a rare melanoma subtype that presents on the volar surfaces of the hand and foot. The difficulty of making an early diagnosis of ALM is highlighted by the case seen in our institution.

Cantaloupe melon genome reveals 3D chromatin features and structural relationship with the ancestral cucurbitaceae karyotype.

displays a large diversity of horticultural groups with cantaloupe melon the most cultivated type. Using a combination of single-molecule sequencing, 10X Genomics link-reads, high-density optical and genetic maps, and chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), we assembled a chromosome scale var. Charentais mono genome.

Emerging role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Castleman disease: a review.

Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of rare hematologic conditions involving lymphadenopathy with characteristic histopathology and a spectrum of clinical abnormalities. CD is divided into localized or unicentric CD (UCD) and multicentric CD (MCD) by imaging. MCD is further divided based on etiological driver into human herpesvirus-8-associated MCD, POEMS-associated MCD, and idiopathic MCD.

F-FDG-PET/CT in the assessment of atherosclerosis in lung cancer.

The aim of this study was to assess the risk of atherosclerosis in patients with lung cancer compared to patients with extrapulmonary malignancies using F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT). We hypothesized that patients with lung cancer would demonstrate increased FDG uptake in the thoracic aorta compared to patients with extrapulmonary cancers. Thirty-four lung cancer patients (21 male, 13 female, 64.

Computational analyses reveal spatial relationships between nuclear pore complexes and specific lamins.

Nuclear lamin isoforms form fibrous meshworks associated with nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Using datasets prepared from subpixel and segmentation analyses of 3D-structured illumination microscopy images of WT and lamin isoform knockout mouse embryo fibroblasts, we determined with high precision the spatial association of NPCs with specific lamin isoform fibers. These relationships are retained in the enlarged lamin meshworks of Lmna-/- and Lmnb1-/- fibroblast nuclei.

An APEX2 proximity ligation method for mapping interactions with the nuclear lamina.

The nuclear lamina (NL) is a meshwork found beneath the inner nuclear membrane. The study of the NL is hindered by the insolubility of the meshwork and has driven the development of proximity ligation methods to identify the NL-associated/proximal proteins, RNA, and DNA. To simplify and improve temporal labeling, we fused APEX2 to the NL protein lamin-B1 to map proteins, RNA, and DNA.

Assessment of the Readability, Availability, and Quality of Online Patient Education Materials Regarding Uveitis Medications.

: To assess the availability, quality, and readability of online patient education materials regarding uveitis medications.: The top 10 Google search results for 10 commonly prescribed uveitis medications (prednisone, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, adalimumab, and infliximab) were analyzed for readability and accountability. Readability was assessed with the Flesch reading ease score, Flesch-Kincaid grade level, Gunning Fog Index, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Index, and Coleman Liau Index.

Standardising the cataract referral process for public hospitals: perspectives of optometrists in New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Previous research has shown that cataract surgery referral letters to major metropolitan public hospitals in New South Wales have insufficient detail to inform patient triage or apply prioritisation tools. This study aimed to canvass the views of optometrists working in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory (NSW/ACT) on standardising the referral process for public hospital cataract surgery.

Methods: An online survey was sent to all NSW/ACT members of Optometry Australia in October 2017.

Detection and modulation of capsaicin perception in the human oral cavity.

Capsaicin causes a burning or spicy sensation when this vanilloid compound comes in contact with trigeminal neurons of the tongue. This compound has low solubility in water, which presents difficulties in examining the psychophysical properties of capsaicin by standard aqueous chemosensory tests. This report describes a new approach that utilizes edible strips for delivering precise amounts of capsaicin to the human oral cavity for examining threshold and suprathreshold amounts of this irritant.

An Integrated "Multi-Omics" Comparison of Embryo and Endosperm Tissue-Specific Features and Their Impact on Rice Seed Quality.

Although rice is a key crop species, few studies have addressed both rice seed physiological and nutritional quality, especially at the tissue level. In this study, an exhaustive "multi-omics" dataset on the mature rice seed was obtained by combining transcriptomics, label-free shotgun proteomics and metabolomics from embryo and endosperm, independently. These high-throughput analyses provide a new insight on the tissue-specificity related to rice seed quality.