Survival Outcomes in US Medicare Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis by Rate of Baseline Exacerbations.

Introduction: There are limited real-world data on outcomes in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE). This study assessed clinical characteristics and survival in patients with NCFBE by baseline exacerbation rate.

Methods: Patients with bronchiectasis (≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims with a bronchiectasis diagnosis code, or one outpatient claim with bronchiectasis code and a chest computed tomography scan) were from the 100% Medicare Fee-for-Service database (Jan 2014-Dec 2020).

Real-world treatment patterns, health care resource utilization, and costs in a US Medicare population with bronchiectasis.

Background: Bronchiectasis carries a significant economic burden with high health care expenditures associated with frequent hospitalizations, physician visits, and treatments, including oral and intravenous antibiotics for repeated lung infections, airway-clearance therapy, and oxygen administration. Bronchiectasis exacerbations can contribute to this burden.

Objective: To estimate US health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs associated with bronchiectasis and with bronchiectasis exacerbations.

An assessment of the direct and indirect costs of bladder cancer preceding and following a cystectomy: a real-world evidence study.

Introduction: To estimate the direct and indirect costs of bladder cancer prior to and following cystectomy in a U.S. sample of patients.

Gaps in Care Among Uncontrolled Severe Asthma Patients in the United States.

Background: Understanding the implementation of key guideline recommendations is critical for managing severe asthma (SA) in the treatment of uncontrolled disease.

Objective: To assess specialist visits and medication escalation in US patients with SA after events indicating uncontrolled disease (EUD) and associations with health outcomes and social disparity indicators.

Methods: Patients with SA appearing in administrative claims data spanning 2015 to 2020 were indexed hierarchically on asthma-related EUD, including hospitalizations, emergency department visits with systemic corticosteroid treatment, or outpatient visits with systemic corticosteroid treatment.

Exacerbations and Real-World Outcomes After Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy of Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate, Among Patients with COPD: Results from the EROS (US) Study.

Purpose: Triple therapy to prevent exacerbations from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with improved health compared to single and dual-agent therapy in some populations. This study assessed the benefits of prompt administration of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BGF) following a COPD exacerbation.

Patients And Methods: EROS was a retrospective analysis of people with COPD using the MORE Registry.

Clinical and economic characterization of mild, moderate, and severe systemic lupus erythematosus: Real-world observation across payer channels in the United States.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting as many as 322,000 people in the United States. Because of heterogeneity in both disease course and clinical manifestations, it is critical to identify a prevalent SLE population that includes patients with moderate or severe disease. Additionally, differences in the clinical and economic burden of SLE may exist across payer channels, yet to date this has not been reported in any previous studies.

Real-world experience of CAR T-cell therapy in older patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has changed the treatment landscape for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, real-world experience reporting outcomes among older patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy is limited. We leveraged the 100% Medicare fee-for-service claims database and analyzed outcomes and cost associated with CAR T-cell therapy in 551 older patients (aged ≥65 years) with DLBCL who received CAR T-cell therapy between 2018 and 2020. CAR T-cell therapy was used in third line and beyond in 19% of patients aged 65 to 69 years and 22% among those aged 70 to 74 years, compared with 13% of patients aged ≥75 years.

Overuse of corticosteroids in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) between 2011 and 2017 in the United States.

Corticosteroids (CSs) are standard first-line therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Prolonged exposure is associated with substantial toxicity; thus guidelines recommend avoidance of prolonged CS treatment and early use of second-line therapies. However, real-world evidence on ITP treatment patterns remains limited.

Disparities in Lung Cancer: A Targeted Literature Review Examining Lung Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival Outcomes in the United States.

Background: Although incidence and mortality of lung cancer have been decreasing, health disparities persist among historically marginalized Black, Hispanic, and Asian populations. A targeted literature review was performed to collate the evidence of health disparities among these historically marginalized patients with lung cancer in the U.S.

Prompt initiation of triple therapy following hospitalization for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation in the United States: An analysis of the PRIMUS study.

Severe exacerbations requiring hospitalization contribute a substantial portion of the morbidity and costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Triple therapy (inhaled corticosteroid + long-acting β-agonist + long-acting muscarinic antagonist) is a recommended option for patients who experience recurrent COPD exacerbations or persistent symptoms. Few real-world studies have specifically examined the effect of prompt initiation of triple therapy, specifically among patients hospitalized for a COPD exacerbation.

Increasing rate of diagnosed childhood mental illness in the United States: Incidence, prevalence and costs.

Objective: This study examined the rate and economic burden of pediatric mental illness from 2012 to 2018.

Study Design: Observational, retrospective analysis of administrative healthcare data.

Methods: This retrospective study of the MarketScan Commercial Research Database included calendar year-based samples (2012-2018) of children aged 4-17 with continuous medical, pharmacy, and mental health/substance abuse coverage for the year of interest and prior year.

Systemic Corticosteroid-related Adverse Outcomes and Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs Among Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis.

Purpose: Nasal polyps (NPs) develop in 20% to 30% of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Severe forms of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) may be treated with systemic corticosteroids (SCSs), which increase the risk for adverse clinical outcomes. This study compared the incidence of SCS-related adverse outcomes and health care resource utilization and costs between patients with CRSwNP who had SCS exposure and those who did not have SCS exposure.

Development of a claims-based flare algorithm for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To develop a claims-based algorithm identifying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares using a linked claims-electronic medical record (EMR) dataset.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of linked administrative claims and EMR data spanning 1 January 2003 to 31 March 2019. Included were adult SLE patients with at least 12 months of continuous enrollment in claims data, 12 months of clinical activity in EMR, and an absence of malignancies excluding basal and squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical and economic burden of uncontrolled severe noneosinophilic asthma.

Objectives: To quantify the clinical and economic burden of patients with severe asthma with low blood eosinophil counts (BECs) untreated with biologics.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study in IBM MarketScan claims database.

Methods: Patients 12 years and older with severe asthma with BEC data were selected between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2018 (date of the most recent BEC was used as the index date).

The use of short-acting bronchodilators and cost burden of asthma across Global Initiative for Asthma-based severity levels: Insights from a large US commercial and managed Medicaid population.

Despite the availability of effective treatments, patients with asthma, regardless of severity, remain at risk of severe exacerbations resulting in significant burden to patients, the health care system, and insurance providers. To examine severe exacerbations, treatment patterns, health care resource utilization (HCRU), and costs across all asthma severities. In this retrospective study, patients aged 4 years and older filling 1 short-acting (β-agonist (SABA) and at least 1 maintenance fill or at least 2 SABAs with or without maintenance fills were identified from administrative claims data from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and IBM MarketScan Multistate Medicaid Research databases (January 2010 to December 2017).

PRIMUS - Prompt Initiation of Maintenance Therapy in the US: A Real-World Analysis of Clinical and Economic Outcomes Among Patients Initiating Triple Therapy Following a COPD Exacerbation.

Purpose: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may experience moderate (requiring outpatient care) or severe (requiring hospitalization) disease exacerbations. Guidelines recommend escalation from dual to triple therapy (inhaled corticosteroid + long-acting beta agonist + long-acting muscarinic antagonist) after two moderate or one severe exacerbation in a year. This study examined whether prompt initiation of triple therapy lowers risk of future exacerbations and reduces healthcare costs, compared to delayed/very delayed triple therapy after an exacerbation.

Demographics, Treatment Patterns, and Morbidity in Patients with Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: An Administrative Claims Data Analysis.

Purpose: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is generally treated with short-acting β-agonists (SABA) before exercising, to prevent symptoms. Real-world data on treatments and outcomes for patients with EIB alone (EIB), or with asthma (EIB), in the USA are limited. This study compared demographics, treatment patterns, morbidity, and costs of treating EIB between these two groups of patients.

Estimate of Refractory Reflux Disease in the United States: Economic Burden and Associated Clinical Characteristics.

Goals: To update the estimate of the prevalence of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the United States, and to assess the clinical and economic differences between patients with and without refractory GERD.

Background: GERD affects 18% to 28% of the US population, with nearly 40% of GERD patients presenting with refractory symptoms despite ongoing therapy.

Study: Retrospective analysis of the IBM MarketScan databases between January 2011 and June 2018.

Clinical and economic burden of severe asthma among US patients treated with biologic therapies.

Background: Patients with severe asthma may remain uncontrolled despite biologic therapy in addition to standard therapy, but this disease burden has not been quantified.

Objective: To estimate the clinical and economic burden in a US national sample.

Methods: Patients who have severe asthma with indicated biologic treatment (earliest use = index date) were selected from the MarketScan database between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2018.