Yeast-based assay to identify inhibitors of the malaria parasite sodium phosphate uptake transporter as potential novel antimalarial drugs.

Malaria affects almost 250 million people annually and continues to be a significant threat to global public health. Infection with protozoan parasites from the genus Plasmodium causes malaria. The primary treatment for malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs).

Escherichia coli-based biorefining process yields optically pure lactic acid from fermented second-generation feedstocks.

Within the circular bioeconomy the production of optically pure LA from 2nd generation feedstocks would be ideal but it is very challenging. In this paper genetically engineered Escherichia coli strains were created to resolve racemic LA solutions synthesised and produced from the fermentation of organic waste or ensiled grass. Refining LA racemic mixtures into either a D- or L-LA was achieved by cells being able to consume one LA isomer as a sole carbon and energy source while not being able to consume the other.

A Novel Bio-Purification Process Employing an Engineered Strain for Downstream Processing of Lactic Acid Solutions from the Fermentation of Agro-Industrial by-Products.

This study aims to integrate a novel bio-purification process employing an engineered strain in the downstream processing of lactic acid (LA) fermentation broths from low-cost renewable biological feedstocks. Fermentation broth of candy waste and digestate mixture was used as a real biological feedstock. An engineered strain that selectively catabolize impurities without catabolizing LA was initially adapted on the biological feedstock, followed by shake flask experiments to prove the bio-purification concept.

Stereocontrolled synthesis of the aconitine D ring from D-glucose.

The synthesis of a fully oxygenated aconitine D ring precursor from (D)-(+)-glucose is described. The route features a highly diastereoselective alkynyl Grignard ketone addition and a base-mediated enelactone to 1,3-diketone rearrangement.

Development of a hybrid bio-purification process of lactic acid solutions employing an engineered E. coli strain in a membrane bioreactor.

Background: A potential alternative to lactic acid production through sugar fermentation is its recovery from grass silage leachate. The separation and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broths remain a key issue, as it amounts to up to 80% of its industrial production cost. In this study, a genetically engineered E.

Cannula Placement for Cerebral Protection Without Circulatory Arrest in Patients Undergoing Hemiarch Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Background: Aortic aneurysms involving the proximal aortic arch, which require hemiarch-type repair, typically require circulatory arrest with antegrade cerebral perfusion. Left carotid antegrade cerebral perfusion (LCP) via distal arch cannulation without circulatory arrest was used in this study's patient population. The goal was to assess the operative efficiency and clinical outcomes of using a distal arch cannulation technique that would not require any hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) time compared with more traditional brachiocephalic artery cannulation with right-sided unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (RCP) and HCA.

Durable left ventricular assist device implant-how I teach it.

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have become a mainstay of advanced heart failure therapy. The technical aspects of performing a device implant are nuanced and attention to these details allows for successful therapy with good outcomes. As more patient with heart failure are expected to benefit from mechanical circulatory support, the need for a concise and consistent technique for LVAD implantation is needed.

Hereditary thrombocytopenia with platelet sialic acid deficiency and mutations in the GNE genes.

Background: The inherited macrothrombocytopenias are rare disorders and the underlying cause can be identified in many cases but in some, this can remain enigmatic. Platelet transfusions are often administered during hemorrhagic events.

Methods: A patient with previously unexplained inherited macrothrombocytopenia with a platelet count between 3-20 × 10 /L is described in which studies were performed using exome sequencing (ES) and platelet flow cytometry.

Interaction Between Platelet and Fibrinogen on Clot Strength in Healthy Patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between platelet concentration (PLT) (× 10/L) and clot strength measured by thromboelastography maximum amplitude (TEG-MA) in healthy volunteers without a history of coagulation abnormalities. Secondarily, the relationship between fibrinogen (mg/dL) and TEG-MA was analyzed.

Design: A prospective study.

A Pilot Study to Assess the Clinical Onset of IV Heparin in Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery.

Objectives: To determine the onset of heparin anticoagulation, using 2 different measures of activated clotting times (ACT), thromboelastography (TEG; R-time), and anti-Xa levels, after administering low- (100 U/kg) and high- (300 U/kg) dose intravenous (IV) heparin to patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and cardiac surgery, respectively.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Single academic institution.

In vitro comparison of CPD whole blood with conventional blood components.

Introduction: Resuscitation of severely injured trauma patients is commonly performed using red blood cells in additive solution supplemented with plasma and platelet concentrates. There is an increasing interest in the use of low anti-A titer Group O whole blood (LTOWB) in the early management of the resuscitation. It is unclear whether clinical outcome is improved using this approach.

Discordance in tests used to detect inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor in patients undergoing interventional neuroradiology procedures.

Background: Clopidogrel is an inhibitor of the P2Y12 platelet receptor but testing to demonstrate a drug effect is controversial since there are often discordant results between different tests methods.

Methods: Samples from patients taking clopidogrel prior to intracranial flow-diversion procedures were tested using light transmission aggregometry (LTA), whole blood impedance aggregometry (WBIA) and the VerifyNow device (VND). Samples were classified as concordant if all test results were either responsive (inhibition) or resistant.

Remote Dispensing of Emergency Release Red Blood Cells.

Objectives: Patients with acute bleeding are frequently transfused with emergency release (ER) group O RBCs. This practice has been reported to be safe with a low rate of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHRs).

Methods: Records of patients who received ER RBCs over a 30-month period were examined at our hospitals.

Acute ischemic stroke on anti-Xa inhibitors: Pharmacokinetics and outcomes.

Background And Purpose: Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) ingestion within 48 h is an exclusion for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. We aim to shed light on pharmacokinetic correlates and outcomes in patients with AIS excluded from thrombolysis due to DOAC use.

Methods: This is a single center retrospective study of consecutive patients with AIS within 4.

Improving the specificity of E. coli acetate/propionate exclusion biosensors via iterative engineering.

Real-time monitoring of key performance indicator analytes such as acetate and propionate within anaerobic digestors (AD) is required for optimum biogas production. In this paper the further refinement of acetate and propionate whole cell (E. coli) exclusion biosensors is reported following an iterative process in which key metabolites that might interfere with O-uptake measurements are identified and genes required for their catabolism are knocked out (exclusion).

Dual antiplatelet use in the management of COVID-19 associated acute ischemic stroke reocclusion.

Intro: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection is associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), which may be due to a prothrombotic state. Early reports have suggested high rates of reocclusion following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with poor radiographic and clinical outcomes. We report our early experience using intra-procedural antithrombotics to address SARS-CoV-2 reocclusion.

Coronary plaque vulnerability in statin-treated patients with elevated LDL-C and hs-CRP: optical coherence tomography study.

There have been no previous attempts to assess coronary plaque morphology in statin-treated patients with combined residual cholesterol and inflammatory risk. The aim of this study was to characterize the morphology using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Two hundred seventy statin-treated patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent OCT imaging prior to elective percutaneous coronary intervention were included in this single-center retrospective analysis.

Influenza-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A report of two cases and a brief review of the literature.

Background And Objectives: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is often preceded by a recent history of an acute infection and influenza is the most implicated virus.

Materials And Methods: We identified two cases of TTP, which were preceded by influenza between 2010 and 2021. In one patient, we epitope mapped the binding specificity of antibodies using an overlapping peptide approach of the stalk protein of Influenza B and the cysteine-rich spacer domain (CRSD) of ADAMTS13.

Laboratory Methods in the Assessment of Hereditary Hemostatic Disorders.

In patients presenting with a suspect hereditary bleeding disorder a detailed bleeding history is first obtained. Testing proceeds in a tiered manner with platelet count, platelet morphology, platelet histogram, PFA-100, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. More detailed testing includes von Willebrand factor, individual clotting factor assays, and platelet function testing.

Aortic root replacement with Medtronic Freestyle bioprosthesis: 25-year experience.

Background: Stentless porcine bioprothesis is a surgical strategy to treat aortic root disease. Use has been limited due to the concern for long-term valve degeneration. This study evaluated the perioperative and late outcomes of patients with aortic root disease requiring root replacement.

Red Cell Exchange as Adjunctive Therapy for Babesiosis: Is it Really Effective?

Human babesiosis is a parasitic disease prevalent in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States (US). Treatment with antibiotics is the standard of care but red cell exchange (RCE) has been used as an adjunctive treatment in more severe disease. Data for the efficacy of RCE in the treatment of babesiosis has been based on case reports and case series.