Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis presenting as complete lung collapse with respiratory failure.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an allergic fungal disease that commonly complicates the natural course of patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Patients with ABPA commonly present with recurrent pulmonary infiltrates or bronchiectasis. They also experience difficulty treating asthma.

Comparative analysis of physical doses and biomarker changes in subjects underwent Computed Tomography, Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, and interventional procedures.

Even though the medical uses of ionizing radiation are well-acknowledged globally as vital tools for the improvement of human health, they also symbolize the major man-made sources of radiation exposure to the population. Estimation of absorbed dose and biological changes after radiation-based imaging might help to better understand the effects of low dose radiation. Because of this, we measured the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) at different anatomical locations using Lithium tetraborate doped with manganese (LiBO: Mn), recorded Dose Length Product (DLP) and Dose Area Product (DAP), analyzed Chromosomal Aberration (CA), Micronucleus (MN), gamma-H2AX (γ-H2AX), and p53 proteins in the blood lymphocytes of patients (n = 267) underwent Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography-CT (PET/CT), and interventional procedures and healthy volunteers (n = 19).

Is Diagnosis of Low-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma Possible in Urine Cytology?

Background: Urine cytology is a useful modality, primarily for the diagnosis and follow-up surveillance of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). Its utility in diagnosing low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) remains controversial because of low reported sensitivity compared to cystoscopy.

Aim: To study the cytomorphology of LGUC in voided urine samples and analyze its utility in diagnosis.

Isolated ruptured dissecting aneurysm of PICA with extremely narrow neck managed by a novel endovascular technique-a case report and review of literature.

Dissecting aneurysms of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are usually extensions of vertebral artery dissection. Isolated dissecting aneurysms of PICA are extremely rare. A 5-month-old female child presented with history of fall from a height of around 2 ft.

Exposure of patients to low doses of X-radiation during neuro-interventional imaging and procedures: Dose estimation and analysis of γ-H2AX foci and gene expression in blood lymphocytes.

Radiation has widespread applications in medicine. However, despite the benefits of medical radiation exposures, adverse long-term health effects are cause for concern. Protein and gene biomarkers are early indicators of cellular response after low-dose exposure.

Tandem occlusion involving accessory middle cerebral artery in acute ischaemic stroke: management strategies.

Occlusion of both the limbs of accessory middle cerebral artery (AMCA) poses a unique challenge in management of acute ischaemic stroke by mechanical thrombectomy. The patient is a 30-year-old man, presenting with acute onset of left-sided hemiparesis for 4 hours. Non-contrast CT brain showed no bleed and three-dimensional CT angiogram of head and neck vessels showed dissection involving right carotid bulb and tandem occlusion of right MCA with presence of two MCA stumps.

DNA damage and gene expression changes in patients exposed to low-dose X-radiation during neuro-interventional radiology procedures.

Interventional radiology-based imaging is the preferred choice for diagnosis and therapy of many complex diseases, despite possible adverse effects of the radiation exposures. We have measured induced DNA damage and changes in gene expression in relation to entrance surface dose (ESD) in peripheral blood samples of patients (n = 51) who underwent neuro-interventional radiological procedures. The ESD values, measured by thermoluminescence dosimetry, were 4.

Unenhanced renal magnetic resonance angiography in patients with chronic kidney disease & suspected renovascular hypertension: Can it affect patient management?

Background & Objectives: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is an important cause of severe hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is important to detect RAS early as it can reverse hypertension and stop rapid deterioration of renal function. The potential drawbacks of various imaging modalities used to detect RAS including contrast-related adverse effects associated with diagnostic angiography have led to increasing interest in unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) renal angiography.

Surgical nuances in the separation of craniopagus twins - Our experience and a follow up of 15 years.

Craniopagus twins are conjoined twins fused at the cranium. This is the rarest anomaly seen in conjoined twins and craniopagus twins account for 2- 6% of conjoined twins. Conjoined twins are also extremely rare, with the anomaly seen in about 10-20 subjects per billion births.

Entrance surface dose and induced DNA damage in blood lymphocytes of patients exposed to low-dose and low-dose-rate X-irradiation during diagnostic and therapeutic interventional radiology procedures.

The ionizing radiation received by patients and health workers due to radiological imaging may increase the risks of radiation effects, such as cancer and cataracts. We have investigated the dose received by specific areas around the head and related this to DNA damage in the blood lymphocytes of subjects exposed to interventional imaging. The entrance surface doses (ESD) to the forehead, neck, and shoulder were measured with a thermoluminescence dosimeter (CaSO disc or polycrystalline powder of lithium tetraborate doped with Mn) and compared with that of dose area product (DAP).

Subtelomeric rearrangements in Indian children with idiopathic intellectual disability/developmental delay: Frequency estimation & clinical correlation using fluorescence hybridization (FISH).

Background & Objectives: Subtelomeres are prone to deleterious rearrangements owing to their proximity to unique sequences on the one end and telomeric repetitive sequences, which increase their tendency to recombine, on the other end. These subtelomeric rearrangements resulting in segmental aneusomy are reported to contribute to the aetiology of idiopathic intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD). We undertook this study to estimate the frequency of subtelomeric rearrangements in children with ID/DD.

Multimodality approach in the diagnosis and management of bilateral giant juvenile breast fibroadenoma.

Juvenile giant fibroadenoma is a very rare breast disease affecting young girls of premenarche and adolescent ages. It is a benign fibroepithelial tumour characterised by stromal and epithelial proliferation that causes rapidly growing breast mass. Bilateral symmetrical involvement is extremely rare.

Atypical presentation of gastrointestinal stromal tumours-a case report.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are benign mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Their clinical presentations are variable. We report a case of a 31-year-old man who presented with pain in the abdomen and vomiting.

Diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of post-coronary artery bypass grafts in correlation with invasive coronary angiography.

64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows more reliable and non-invasive evaluation of the coronary artery bypass grafts for occlusion or stenosis both in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and also progression of disease in native coronary vessels.

Endovascular management of vein of galen aneurysm malformation: A series of two case reports.

Vein of Galen Aneurysm malformation is one of the most difficult intracranial vascular lesions to manage. The difficulty in management of its shunts is aggravated by the hemodynamic effect and shunting reflected in the growing brain of infants and children. At present, the therapeutic options are widened by the opening of a new horizon in Intervention Neuroradiology.

Magnetic resonance signal intensity measurements in the diagnosis of fetal central nervous system anomalies.

Objectives: To evaluate the possible role of Magnetic Resonance (MR) signal intensity measurements in diagnosing Central Nervous System (CNS) anomalies antenatally.

Methods: MR images of 110 fetal brains between 18 and 38 weeks were studied. Nine were excluded due to destroyed brain.

Case report: Perinephric lymphangiomatosis.

Perirenal lymphangiomatosis is a rare benign malformation of the lymphatic system. We report here a case of bilateral perirenal and parapelvic involvement with a normal excretory collecting system.

Evaluation of atypical squamous cells on conventional cytology smears: An experience from a screening program practiced in limited resource settings.

Background: The Bethesda system (TBS) 2001 has subdivided the category of atypical squamous cells (ASC) into: ASC-US (undetermined significance) and ASC-H (cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)). The present study is an analysis of ASC-US and ASC-H cases diagnosed in a screening program practiced in limited resource settings.

Methods: During the period January 2005 to December 2008, a total of 9190 smears were received, of which 568 were unsatisfactory.

Ribbing disease.

Ribbing disease is a rare sclerosing dysplasia that involves long tubular bones, especially the tibia and femur. It occurs after puberty and is reported to be more common in women. In this article we describe how Ribbing disease can be differentiated from diseases like Engelmann-Camurati disease, van Buchem disease, Erdheim-Chester disease, osteoid osteoma, chronic osteomyelitis, stress fracture, etc.

Case Report: Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of face.

Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a rare condition characterized by diffuse fatty infiltration of the facial soft tissues. There may be muscle involvement along with associated bony hyperplasia. It is a type of lipomatous tumor that is congenital in origin; it is rare and seen usually in childhood.

Case report: Antenatal MRI diagnosis of esophageal duplication cyst.

Esophageal duplication cysts are classified as a subgroup of foregut duplication cysts. They are very rare and are predominantly detected in children. Antenatal detection is very rare.