Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and risk of hospital admission and death among infected cancer patients: A population-based study in northern Italy.

Background: The risks of hospital admission for COVID-19-related conditions and all-cause death of SARS-CoV-2 infected cancer patients were investigated according to vaccination status.

Methods: A population-based cohort study was carried out on 9754 infected cancer patients enrolled from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. Subdistribution hazard ratio (SHRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for sex, age, comorbidity index, and time since cancer incidence, were computed to assess the risk of COVID-19 hospital admission or death of unvaccinated vs.

Psychosis is episodically required for the enduring integrity of shamanism.

The target article advances several original concepts about shamanism, including prospective explanations for how shamanism could express itself in different cultural settings. Although the potential for "innate psychological tendencies" is acknowledged, the target article prematurely dismisses one such hard-wired feature of shamanism: psychosis.

The neural basis of humour comprehension and humour appreciation: The roles of the temporoparietal junction and superior frontal gyrus.

Psychological well-being and social acumen benefit from the recognition of humourous intent and its enjoyment. The enjoyment of humour requires recognition, but humour recognition is not necessarily accompanied by humour enjoyment. Humour recognition is crucial during social interactions, while the associated enjoyment is less critical.

Diminished humour perception in schizophrenia: relationship to social and cognitive functioning.

This study attempted to confirm that humour recognition deficits previously found in schizophrenia are specific to the condition and not attributable to other parameters such as depression or anxiety. Secondarily, we explored any possible cognitive or social functioning correlates to humour recognition deficits. A total of 60 participants (20 outpatients with schizophrenia, 20 psychiatric control participants and 20 control participants) underwent a 64-question humour task in addition to a battery of standard cognitive tests and Social Functioning Scales.

Deficit in schizophrenia to recruit the striatum in implicit learning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation.

In schizophrenia, explicit learning deficits have been well established although it is less clear whether these patients have deficits in implicit learning (IL). IL is thought to depend on intact striatal functioning. This study examined the hypothesis that schizophrenia patients show deficient recruitment of striatal activation during an IL paradigm, relative to performance-matched healthy comparison subjects.

Humor perception deficits in schizophrenia.

Humor is a complex cognitive process that could be used to elucidate subtle cognitive deficits. Significant deficits in humor perception were observed among 23 outpatients with schizophrenia compared with 20 controls matched for age, gender and education, using a 128-item humor test.

The role of the striatum in implicit learning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Previous research has posited striatal involvement in implicit learning. However, imaging studies have not directly compared learners with non-learners. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging with 15 study participants, we used an implicit learning task previously associated with striatal recruitment.

Could obsessive-compulsive disorder have originated as a group-selected adaptive trait in traditional societies?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) possesses distinctive characteristics inviting evolutionary and anthropological explanations. A genetically based condition with low fecundity persisting through generations is paradoxical. The concept of group selection is an evolutionary principle capable of clarifying the perplexing epidemiology of OCD.

Evolutionary perspectives on schizophrenia.

The theory of evolution may be relevant to psychiatric disorders. Evolution reflects changes in genes throughout time. Thus, evolutionary forces can shape any phenotype that is genetically rooted and that possesses a long history.