The miR-181a-SFRP4 Axis Regulates Wnt Activation to Drive Stemness and Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer.

Wnt signaling is a major driver of stemness and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer, yet the genetic drivers that stimulate its expression remain largely unknown. Unlike other cancers, mutations in the Wnt pathway are not reported in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Hence, a key challenge that must be addressed to develop effective targeted therapies is to identify nonmutational drivers of Wnt activation.

The Evolution in Nomenclature, Diagnosis, and Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension.

The current description of pulmonary hypertension is a testament to the physicians and scientists who dedicated their lives to furthering understanding of the pulmonary circulation. This has spanned a millennium, from ancient Egyptian descriptions of human anatomy to the current molecular and hemodynamic phenotyping of pulmonary hypertension. The recent Sixth World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension is a direct result of these discoveries and reflects an evolution in a classification scheme that has spanned half a century.

Effect of a plant-based, low-fat diet versus an animal-based, ketogenic diet on ad libitum energy intake.

The carbohydrate-insulin model of obesity posits that high-carbohydrate diets lead to excess insulin secretion, thereby promoting fat accumulation and increasing energy intake. Thus, low-carbohydrate diets are predicted to reduce ad libitum energy intake as compared to low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets. To test this hypothesis, 20 adults aged 29.

Hidden Nematode Causing Recurrent Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Even though hepatobiliary ascariasis has been found to cause pancreatitis, it is rare in Qatar and other countries in the Middle East. In this report, we present a case of biliary duct ascariasis causing recurrent pancreatitis. A 46-year-old woman from the Philippines presented with recurrent clinical and biochemical features of acute pancreatitis and was found to have hepatobiliary ascariasis.

Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19-; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.

Liberatory Media Literacy as Protective Against Posttraumatic Stress for Emerging Adults of Color.

Emerging adults (i.e., age 18-25 years) of color in the United States are exposed to race/ethnicity-related traumatic events in online settings.

Cannabis in Pregnancy and Lactation - A Review.

Cannabis (marijuana) is now legal for either medicinal use or recreational use in 33 states with more states considering legalization for medicinal and/or recreational use. More women planning pregnancy, pregnant, or breastfeeding will present with exposure to marijuana. A familiarity with the pharmacology and potential effects for pregnancy and lactation is important for the obstetrical care provider to permit optimal counseling for the gravida.

Perception and awareness of unintentional childhood injuries among primary caregivers of children in Vellore, South India: a community-based cross-sectional study using photo-elicitation method.

Objective: We studied the primary caregivers' perception, and further, their awareness of unintentional childhood injuries in south India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural block of Kaniyambadi, Vellore, among 300 primary caregivers of children aged between 0 and 14 years. A semi-structured interview was conducted with the primary caregivers using a photo-elicitation method, with a visual depiction of ten injury risky scenarios for a child.

NIH Workshop Report: sensory nutrition and disease.

In November 2019, the NIH held the "Sensory Nutrition and Disease" workshop to challenge multidisciplinary researchers working at the interface of sensory science, food science, psychology, neuroscience, nutrition, and health sciences to explore how chemosensation influences dietary choice and health. This report summarizes deliberations of the workshop, as well as follow-up discussion in the wake of the current pandemic. Three topics were addressed: A) the need to optimize human chemosensory testing and assessment, B) the plasticity of chemosensory systems, and C) the interplay of chemosensory signals, cognitive signals, dietary intake, and metabolism.

Diagnostic utility of sub-maximum cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the ambulatory setting for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Pulmonary hypertension is commonly associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, the elevated left-sided filling pressures result in isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension or combined pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension. Although right heart catheterization is the gold standard for diagnosis, it is an invasive test with associated risks.

Fatigue, Stress, and Functional Status are Associated With Taste Changes in Oncology Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.

Context: A common complaint among oncology patients receiving chemotherapy is altered taste perception.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate for differences in common symptoms and stress levels in patients who reported taste changes.

Methods: Patients were receiving chemotherapy for breast, gastrointestinal, gynecological, or lung cancer.

Eliciting Willingness and Beliefs towards Participation in Genetic Psychiatric Testing in Black/African American Mothers at Risk for Depression.

Black/African American women are at high risk for depression, yet are underrepresented in psychiatric genetic research for depression prevention and treatment. Little is known about the factors that influence participation in genetic testing for Black/African American women at risk. The purpose of this study was to elicit the beliefs that underlie participation in genetic testing for depression in Black/African American mothers, a subgroup at high risk.

Objective Sensory Testing Methods Reveal a Higher Prevalence of Olfactory Loss in COVID-19-Positive Patients Compared to Subjective Methods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has currently infected over 6.5 million people worldwide. In response to the pandemic, numerous studies have tried to identify the causes and symptoms of the disease.

Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in the Pancreas of Normal Organ Donors and Individuals with COVID-19.

Diabetes is associated with increased mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Given literature suggesting a potential association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes induction, we examined pancreatic expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the key entry factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Specifically, we analyzed five public scRNA-seq pancreas datasets and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization, western blotting, and immunolocalization for ACE2 with extensive reagent validation on normal human pancreatic tissues across the lifespan, as well as those from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases.

Polypill with or without Aspirin in Persons without Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: A polypill comprising statins, multiple blood-pressure-lowering drugs, and aspirin has been proposed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Using a 2-by-2-by-2 factorial design, we randomly assigned participants without cardiovascular disease who had an elevated INTERHEART Risk Score to receive a polypill (containing 40 mg of simvastatin, 100 mg of atenolol, 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, and 10 mg of ramipril) or placebo daily, aspirin (75 mg) or placebo daily, and vitamin D or placebo monthly. We report here the outcomes for the polypill alone as compared with matching placebo, for aspirin alone as compared with matching placebo, and for the polypill plus aspirin as compared with double placebo.

Improving postoperative mobilisation rates in patients undergoing elective major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery.

Background: Early mobilisation reduces postoperative complications such as pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis and hospital length of stay. Many authors have reported poor compliance with early mobilisation within Enhanced Recovery After Surgery initiatives.

Objectives: The primary objective was to increase postoperative day (POD) 2 mobilisation rate from 23% to 75% in patients undergoing elective major hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery within 6 months.

Biological effects of inhaled hydraulic fracturing sand dust. V. Pulmonary inflammatory, cytotoxic and oxidant effects.

The pulmonary inflammatory response to inhalation exposure to a fracking sand dust (FSD 8) was investigated in a rat model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed by whole-body inhalation to air or an aerosol of a FSD, i.e.

Why we should systematically assess, control and report somatosensory impairments in BCI-based motor rehabilitation after stroke studies.

The neuronal loss resulting from stroke forces 80% of the patients to undergo motor rehabilitation, for which Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) and NeuroFeedback (NF) can be used. During the rehabilitation, when patients attempt or imagine performing a movement, BCIs/NF provide them with a synchronized sensory (e.g.

Microstructure of the near-wall layer of filtration-induced colloidal assembly.

This paper describes an experimental study of filtration of a colloidal suspension using microfluidic devices. A suspension of micrometer-scale colloids flows through parallel slit-shaped pores at fixed pressure drop. Clogs and cakes are systematically observed at pore entrance, for variable applied pressure drop and ionic strength.

Fick principle and exercise pulmonary hemodynamic determinants of the six-minute walk distance in pulmonary hypertension.

The six-minute walk test is widely used to assess the severity and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension. However, the pathophysiology underlying a compromised six-minute walk distance is incompletely characterized. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Fick principle and pulmonary hemodynamic determinants of the six-minute walk distance in patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension.