Increasing provider awareness of Lp(a) testing for patients at risk for cardiovascular disease: A comparative study.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein variant with atherogenic, thrombogenic, and pro-inflammatory properties that may have numerous pathologic effects, including dyslipidemia. Screening for Lp(a) is clinically significant, due to its causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Among clinicians, however, there remains a general lack of both clinical awareness of Lp(a) and adequate tools to track Lp(a) testing in patients.

Return to Sports in Patients Aged 50 Years or Younger After Robotic-Assisted Patellofemoral Arthroplasty: A 10-Year Experience Reporting High Clinical Benefits and High Patient Satisfaction With Return to an Active Lifestyle.

Background: Limited data are available on return to sports and patient psychometric ratings of success after patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) in younger patients with high expectations to return to an active lifestyle.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this article was to determine the role of PFA and its success in meeting patient expectations regarding the return to low-impact recreational sports and an active lifestyle in younger, active patients. It was hypothesized that PFA would allow younger patients to return to low-impact sports and an active lifestyle and achieve high patient psychometric ratings.

Arthroscopic Repair of Retracted Large and Massive Rotator Cuff Tears With and Without Augmentation With a Bio-Inductive Collagen Implant Reveals Substantial and Comparable Clinical Improvement.

Purpose: To compare clinical and imaging results after repair of retracted large and massive full-thickness rotator cuff tears, including revision repairs, with and without augmentation with a bio-inductive collagen implant.

Methods: The study group comprised 24 patients (17 male subjects) with retracted 2 or 3 tendon rotator cuff tears undergoing arthroscopic repair followed by onlay augmentation with a bio-inductive collagen implant. The control group comprised 24 patients (19 male subjects) matched by tear size undergoing repair without augmentation.

Micro-level Factors Associated with Youth Drug Use Among an Urban at-Risk Youth Sample.

Background: Youth drug use has reached global epidemic proportions with unequal distribution among communities with low income, immigrants, or ethnic status.

Purpose: This study seeks to understand the association between micro-level factors and youth drug use behavior among 2693 low-income, ethnic, and immigrant youths in Pomona, CA, USA. The study uneath's unique evidence and intervention elements necessary to resolve youth drug use in Pomona.

Overcoming barriers to lung cancer screening using a systemwide approach with additional focus on the non-screened.

Background: The lung cancer screening program at St Elizabeth Healthcare (Kentucky, USA) began in 2013. Over 33,000 low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screens have been performed. From 2015 through 2021, 2595 lung cancers were diagnosed systemwide.

Functional Interaction of the Cruciate Ligaments, Posteromedial and Posterolateral Capsule, Oblique Popliteal Ligament, and Other Structures in Preventing Abnormal Knee Hyperextension.

Background: The ligaments and soft tissue capsular structures of the knee joint that provide a resisting force to prevent abnormal knee hyperextension have not been determined. This knowledge is required for the diagnosis and treatment of knee hyperextension abnormalities.

Purpose: To determine the resisting moment of knee ligament and capsular structures that resist knee hyperextension.

What Factors are Associated With Conversion to Knee Arthroplasty After Subchondroplasty?

Background: Subchondral bone marrow lesions identified on knee MRI are believed to play a role in osteoarthritis-associated pain. The subchondroplasty procedure is an arthroscopically assisted procedure for treating such lesions to avoid larger procedures such as knee arthroplasty. However, the survivorship free of conversion to arthroplasty and the factors associated with an increased likelihood of conversion of subchondroplasty to arthroplasty have not been well defined.

Kinetic and kinematic comparisons in high school pitchers with low and high pitch location consistency.

Background: Although ball velocity has often been associated with increased kinetics at the upper extremity and risk of injury in youth and adolescent pitchers, it is unclear if the performance metric pitch location consistency has any positive or negative associations with pitching kinetics.

Methods: High school pitchers (n = 59) pitched 8-12 fastballs using 3D motion capture (480 Hz). Pitchers were divided into high-consistency (HiCon) and low-consistency (LoCon) groups based on the absolute center deviation of each pitcher's pitch to the center of the pitcher's mean pitch location.

Social Distancing to Avoid SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cancer and Noncancer Patients.

Background: Social distancing has been recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to avoid exposure to SARS-CoV-2 ( Epidemiol Prev 2020;44:353-362).Cancer patients on or after active therapy seem to be more prone to COVID being symptomatic and life-threatening. When evaluating cancer patients' risk of acquiring COVID, it is essential to know the behavior of cancer patients that will affect their risk of exposure.

Using Classical and Operant Conditioning to Train a Shifting Behavior in Juvenile False Water Cobras ().

All animals have the capacity to learn through operant conditioning and other types of learning, and as a result, zoos and other animal care facilities have shifted towards the use of positive reinforcement training to shape the behavior of animals under their care. Training offers animals the choice to participate in their own husbandry routines and veterinary procedures, while also providing mental stimulation. By adopting these practices, the welfare of animals in human care has improved, but it has not been applied equally across taxa.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients 85 years and older is safe, effective, and durable.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) was originally indicated for older adults, but outcomes in the oldest patients have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to report on patients aged ≥85 years undergoing RSA. We hypothesized that RSA would be safe, effective, and durable.

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty: Is there a maximum level of efficiency for the operating surgeon?

Aims: Recent studies have attempted to quantify the learning curve associated with integration of robotic technology into surgical practice, but to our knowledge, no study has demonstrated the number of cases needed to reach a steady state of maximum efficiency in operating times using robotic assisted technology.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 682 consecutive knees that underwent a robotic-assisted TKA for osteoarthritis by a single surgeon between 2017 and 2020. Procedure times (minutes), length of stay (LOS), and short-term postoperative complications and reoperations were analyzed to define trends.

Lower-Intensity Statins Contributing to Gaps in Care for Patients With Primary Severe Hypercholesterolemia.

Background Although severe hypercholesterolemia confers a 5-fold increased long-term risk for coronary artery disease, treatment guidelines may not be fully implemented, leading to underdiagnosis and suboptimal treatment. To further understand the clinical features and gaps in treatment approaches, we analyzed electronic medical record data from a midwestern US multidisciplinary healthcare system, between 2009 and 2020. Methods and Results We retrospectively assessed the prevalence, clinical presentation, and treatment characteristics of individuals currently treated with statin therapy having a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) value that is either (1) an maximum electronic medical record-documented LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL (group 1, n=7542) or (2) an pretreatment LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL (group 2, n=7710).

Posterior-approach total shoulder arthroplasty: a case series with a minimum of 2-year outcomes.

Background: A posterior approach to shoulder arthroplasty has been described that may improve exposure to the retroverted glenoid and spare the rotator cuff. The purpose of this study was to evaluate posterior total shoulder arthroplasty (PTSA) at a minimum of 2 years.

Methods: Between September 2016 and October 2017, 28 patients (30 shoulders) who underwent PTSA were retrospectively identified.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Patients With Primary Severe Hypercholesterolemia in a Multidisciplinary Healthcare System.

Severe hypercholesterolemia (SH) includes individuals with LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dl, regardless of cause. These individuals have a fivefold increased long-term risk for coronary artery disease. Although systematic SH screening can trigger early treatment, current treatment guidelines may not be fully implemented or followed by patients.

Posterior Approach Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of Short-term Results.

Subscapularis dysfunction and failure are the leading causes of complications of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). An approach to shoulder arthroplasty has been described that may improve exposure to the retroverted glenoid and spare the rotator cuff. This article details the 6-month clinical outcomes of the first 26 patients who underwent TSA using a posterior approach.

Trends in aggressivity and driver risk for cars, SUVs, and pickups: Vehicle incompatibility from 1989 to 2016.

When 2 vehicles of different sizes collide, the occupants of the smaller vehicle are more likely to be injured than the occupants of the larger vehicle. The larger vehicle is both more protective of its own occupants and more aggressive toward occupants of the other vehicle. However, larger, heavier vehicles tend to be designed in ways that amplify their incompatibility with smaller, lighter vehicles (by having a higher ride height, for example).

Improving Orthopedic Patient Outcomes: A Model to Predict 30-Day and 90-Day Readmission Rates Following Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Background: Over the next 10-15 years, there is expected to be an exponential increase in the number of total joint arthroplasties in the American population. This, combined with rising costs of total joint arthroplasty and more recent changes to the reimbursement payment models, increases the demand to perform quality, cost-effective total joint arthroplasties. The purpose of this study is to build models that could be used to estimate the 30-day and 90-day readmission rates for patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty.

Diversity and relative abundance of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing microorganisms in the offshore Namibian hypoxic zone.

Nitrification, the microbial oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (NO2-) and NO2- to nitrate (NO3-), plays a vital role in ocean nitrogen cycling. Characterizing the distribution of nitrifying organisms over environmental gradients can help predict how nitrogen availability may change with shifting ocean conditions, for example, due to loss of dissolved oxygen (O2). We characterized the distribution of nitrifiers at 5 depths spanning the oxic to hypoxic zone of the offshore Benguela upwelling system above the continental slope off Namibia.

Acidification Enhances Hybrid NO Production Associated with Aquatic Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms.

Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms are an important source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (NO) in aquatic environments. Identifying the impact of pH on NO production by ammonia oxidizers is key to understanding how aquatic greenhouse gas fluxes will respond to naturally occurring pH changes, as well as acidification driven by anthropogenic CO. We assessed NO production rates and formation mechanisms by communities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in a lake and a marine environment, using incubation-based nitrogen (N) stable isotope tracer methods with N-labeled ammonium ([Formula: see text]) and nitrite ([Formula: see text]), and also measurements of the natural abundance N and O isotopic composition of dissolved NO.

Alarm Odor Compounds of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Exhibit Antibacterial Activity.

Some insects release scented compounds as a defense against predators that also exhibit antimicrobial activity. Trans-2-octenal and trans-2-decenal are the major alarm aldehydes responsible for the scent of , the brown marmorated stink bug. Previous research has shown these aldehydes are antifungal and produce an antipredatory effect, but have never been tested for antibacterial activity.