Publications by authors named "Joseph Nkuranga"
Among 777 virally suppressed adults with human immunodeficiency virus on protease-inhibitor-based second-line antiretroviral regimens randomized 1:1 to switch to dolutegravir or remain on a protease inhibitor, there was no difference in incident hypertension (12% in each arm, P = .868) or change in blood pressure over the 48-week study period.
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- The study assessed bone mineral density (BMD) in older HIV-positive individuals in Kenya as they enrolled in a clinical trial, focusing on participants aged 60 and above.
- A total of 296 Black African participants were included, with findings indicating a high prevalence of osteoporosis (37.5%) and osteopenia (47.3%) among them, alongside calculated fracture risks.
- The research highlighted challenges in diagnosing osteoporosis due to limited access to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in Kenya, showing a negative correlation between fracture risk probabilities and femoral neck BMD.
Background: There is a paucity of data on kidney impairment among older people living with HIV (PLWH). We evaluated kidney function among PLWH age ≥ 60 years on first-line antiretroviral (ARV) therapy during screening for a clinical trial in Kenya.
Methods: The bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) Elderly Study is an open-label, randomized, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial conducted at two sites in Kenya.
Background: Data to inform the switch from a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) to dolutegravir in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who do not have genotype information and who have viral suppression with second-line therapy containing a ritonavir-boosted PI have been limited.
Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, open-label trial conducted at four sites in Kenya, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, previously treated patients without genotype information who had viral suppression while receiving treatment containing a ritonavir-boosted PI to either switch to dolutegravir or continue the current regimen. The primary end point was a plasma HIV type 1 RNA level of at least 50 copies per milliliter at week 48, assessed on the basis of the Food and Drug Administration snapshot algorithm.
Objective: To provide information on the effect of timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on outcomes of TB infection in real-life, non-clinical trial, rural settings in sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study of all HIV-infected TB patients presenting to a rural hospital in Kenya between 2005 and 2009. We analysed the association between timing of initiation of ART and mortality, using a Cox regression survival analysis, adjusted for measured confounders.