Improving the Health and Environmental Health Literacy of Professionals: Evaluating the Effect of a Virtual Intervention on Phthalate Environmental Health Literacy.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists provided updated guidance in 2021, recommending that reproductive health professionals should include discussion of environmental exposures with their patients. However, environmental health is seldom included in medical training, with endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as phthalates-linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes-being among the least discussed. We developed a one-hour virtual educational intervention to train reproductive health professionals on the routes of phthalate exposure, potential associated health impacts, and suggestions on how to discuss exposure reduction with patients.

No definite associations between opioid doses and severity of acute pancreatitis - Results from a multicentre international prospective study.

Background: Abdominal pain is the cardinal symptom of acute pancreatitis (AP), often requiring opioid therapy. This study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent relationship between opioid therapy and moderately severe or severe AP.

Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the prospective PAINAP database, which recruited patients with first-time AP from 118 centres across 27 countries between April-June 30, 2022.

Observation of quantum oscillations near the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit in CaAs.

The Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit sets the lower bound of the carrier mean free path for coherent quasiparticle transport. Metallicity beyond this limit is of great interest because it is often closely related to quantum criticality and unconventional superconductivity. Progress along this direction mainly focuses on the strange-metal behaviors originating from the evolution of the quasiparticle scattering rate, such as linear-in-temperature resistivity, while the quasiparticle coherence phenomena in this regime are much less explored due to the short mean free path at the diffusive bound.

Network Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials Comparing Robotic, Laparoscopic, and Open Pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: The use of minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is being increasingly adopted despite the lack of hard evidence to support its utilisation. With recent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) with robotic or laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD or LPD), we undertook a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing all 3 approaches to evaluate comparative outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted up to May 2024 and relevant RCTs were identified.

Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal, Endometrial, and Gastric, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Multigene panel testing has allowed for the detection of a growing number of inherited pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in people at high risk of cancer, including endometrial cancer (EC). Hereditary syndromes associated with EC include Lynch syndrome, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. This manuscript provides the latest recommendations from the NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal, Endometrial, and Gastric on the screening and management of EC in patients at high risk for these syndromes, as well as the advantages and limitations of multigene panel testing.

Temporal disruption in tuberculosis incidence patterns during COVID-19: a time series analysis in China.

Background: Despite extensive knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) and its control, there remains a significant gap in understanding the comprehensive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB incidence patterns. This study aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis in China and examine the application of time series models in the analysis of these patterns, providing valuable insights for TB prevention and control.

Methods: We used pre-COVID-19 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) data (2007-2018) to fit SARIMA, Prophet, and LSTM models, assessing their ability to predict PTB incidence trends.

Immunogenicity and safety following a homologous booster dose of a SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine with Matrix-M adjuvant (NVX-CoV2373) versus a primary series in people living with and without HIV-1 infection in South Africa: A randomized crossover phase 2a/2b trial.

COVID-19 remains a global public health issue and an improved understanding of vaccine performance in immunocompromised individuals, including people living with HIV (PLWH), is needed. Initial data from the present study's pre-crossover/booster phase were previously reported. This phase 2a/b clinical trial in South Africa (2019nCoV-501/NCT04533399) revisits 1:1 randomly assigned HIV-negative adults (18-84 years) and medically stable PLWH (18-64 years) who previously received two NVX-CoV2373 doses (5 μg recombinant Spike protein with 50 μg Matrix-M™ adjuvant) or placebo.

Postoperative outcomes in colorectal surgery by day of surgery: A national cohort study.

Aim: Poorer postoperative outcomes have been observed for patients admitted and operated on later in the week and over the weekend. This is thought to be related to temporal fluctuations in the quality of perioperative care. The aim of this work was to identify if the day of surgery influenced outcomes in a national cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) resections.

Evaluating Continuous Glucose Monitoring after Total Pancreatectomy with or without islet autotransplatation: A Scoping Systematic Review.

Methods: The review was conducted adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.

Results: 15 studies including 147 patients (adult n = 71/paediatric n = 76) reported on CGM use post-TP (n = 42) and TPIAT (n = 105). 4 were randomized controlled trials and 10 observational studies.

Pregnancy-Related Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Conditions: Maternal Mortality Review Committees in 32 U.S. States, 2017 to 2019.

Background: Cardiomyopathy (CM) and other cardiovascular conditions (OCVs) are among the most frequent causes of pregnancy-related death in the United States.

Objectives: The purpose of this paper was to report demographic and clinical characteristics, preventability, contributing factors, and Maternal Mortality Review Committee (MMRC) recommendations among pregnancy-related deaths with underlying causes of CM, OCVs, and the 2 combined (cardiovascular conditions, CV).

Methods: We analyzed pregnancy-related death data from MMRCs in 32 states, occurring during 2017 to 2019, with MMRC-determined underlying causes of CVs.

Progression of Low-Grade Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) to High-Grade Neoplasms Harboring the NEC-Like Co-alteration of RB1 and TP53.

High-grade or grade 3 epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasms (G3 NEN) are now divided into grade 3 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (G3 NET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), both defined by Ki-67 > 20% and/or > 20 mitoses per 2 mm. NET and NEC are thought to be distinct tumors with different genetic profiles: NEC classically harbors co-alteration of TP53 and RB1, whereas NET genetics are site-dependent with frequent alterations in MEN1, ATRX, DAXX, and TSC1/2 in pancreatic NETs. Progression from NET to NEC is considered rare and is not well described.

Clinico-Demographic Profile of Paediatric Patients with Primary Intracranial Tumours in South India.

The central and peripheral nervous system cancers are the second most common cancers among the paediatric population (0-14 years). The non-specific symptoms seen in its clinical presentation make the diagnosis of these tumours extremely challenging among children compared to adults. This research study was therefore done to study the socio-demographic profile, clinical features, and management practices among paediatric patients with intracranial tumours.

Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia Using Zinc Telluride.

Electrosynthesis of ammonia (NH), an important constituent molecule of various commercial fertilizers, is a promising and sustainable alternative strategy compared with the century-old Haber-Bosch process. Herein, zinc telluride (ZnTe) is demonstrated as an efficient electrocatalyst for reducing nitrogen (N) under ambient conditions to NH. In this simple chemical strategy, Zn preferentially binds N over hydrogen (H), and Te, by virtue of its superior electronic properties, enhances the electrocatalytic activity of ZnTe.

Assessment of early neonatal practices to prevent hypothermia ; A comparative study.

Background: Globally, neonatal deaths are significantly attributed to hypothermia. This is mostly because of its co-morbidity with asphyxia, premature birth and severe neonatal infections. Worldwide, neonatal hypothermia case fatality rates (CFRs) range from 8.

Evaluating the implementation of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) gateway for the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund (BHCPF) across six Northern states in Nigeria.

Background: This evaluation research utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods to assess the implementation of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) gateway of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) across six states in Northern Nigeria: Bauchi, Borno, Kaduna, Kano, Sokoto, and Yobe.

Methods: This was a mixed-method research that utilized longitudinal surveys and Key informant interviews to gather information about the implementation status of the BHCPF-NPHCDA gateway. Checklists were developed based on the BHCPF's national guidelines to gather quantitative data, while simple open-ended questionnaires were used to collect qualitative data from the state BHCPF Program Implementation Unit (PIU) focal persons as key informants.

Divergence of variant antibodies following SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccines in myeloma and impact of hybrid immunity.

Hematological malignancies are associated with an increased risk of complications during SARS-CoV-2 infections. Primary series or monovalent booster vaccines reduce disease severity, hospitalization, and death among multiple myeloma patients. We characterized virus-neutralizing and spike-binding antibody profiles following monovalent (WA1) or bivalent (WA1/BA.

Expanding the Spectrum of GLI1-rearranged Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract to Include Monophasic Keratin-positive Epithelial Neoplasms.

GLI1-altered tumors form a diverse group occurring in various anatomic locations. In the alimentary tract, the most established are gastroblastoma, a biphasic epithelial-mesenchymal neoplasm of the stomach, and plexiform fibromyxoma, a pure spindle cell neoplasm. The spectrum of GLI1-rearranged gastrointestinal tumors has recently expanded with reports of cases in other parts of the GI tract, some exhibiting gastroblastoma-like features and others being pure mesenchymal neoplasms.

Formation of the hard-magnetic epsilon iron oxide phase from akaganéite nanoparticles.

Elongated akaganéite (-FeOOH) nanoparticles were prepared by a forced hydrolysis route using FeCl6HO employing various urea concentrations.-FeOOH nanoparticles stabilized within the SiOmatrix were annealed at different temperatures, ranging from 500 °C to 1300 °C. It was observed that-FeOOH underwent a temperature-induced conversion to-FeOand subsequently to-FeO.

A scanning electron microscope analysis on the effect of bleaching gel in combination with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate-based dentifrice on whitening of teeth and dentinal tubule occlusion - An study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the use of 15% carbamide peroxide in combination with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate desensitizing dentifrice during bleaching to evaluate postoperative dentinal tubule occlusion.

Materials And Methods: Premolars which were extracted and bleached using 15% carbamide peroxide with fluoro calcium phosphosilicate dentifrice were used in this investigation, and the shade change was assessed. They were subsequently divided into sections and examined with scanning electron microscope.

Improving rigor and reproducibility in western blot experiments with the blotRig analysis.

Western blot is a popular biomolecular analysis method for measuring the relative quantities of independent proteins in complex biological samples. However, variability in quantitative western blot data analysis poses a challenge in designing reproducible experiments. The lack of rigorous quantitative approaches in current western blot statistical methodology may result in irreproducible inferences.

Effectiveness of the modified WHO labour care guide to detect prolonged and obstructed labour among women admitted at publicly funded facilities in rural Mbarara district, Southwestern Uganda: an ambispective cohort study.

Background: Obstructed labour, a sequel of prolonged labour, remains a significant contributor to maternal and perinatal deaths in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: We evaluated the modified World Health Organization (WHO) Labour Care Guide (LCG) in detecting prolonged and or obstructed labour, and other delivery outcomes compared with a traditional partograph at publicly-funded maternity centers of rural Mbarara district and City, Southwestern Uganda.

Methods: Since November 2023, we deployed the LCG for use in monitoring labour by trained healthcare providers across all maternity centers in Mbarara district/City.