All-Weather Dry Decontaminant Polymer-HO Complex for HD Degradation.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a highly effective decontaminant against chemical warfare agents (CWAs) when present both in a liquid and as a solid powder. For the latter, this can be in the form of HO being complexed to a polymer, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). While a HO-PVP complex is indeed effective at decontaminating CWAs, it is vulnerable to environmental conditions such as high relative humidities (RH), which can dissociate the HO from the complex before it is given the opportunity to react with CWAs.

Pool-Based Surfboard Elicits Activation of Posterior Shoulder Muscles During a Surfing Stroke.

Pexa, BS, Johnston, CD, Elder, EE, Ford, KR, Patterson, MQ, and Myers, JB. Pool-based surfboard elicits activation of posterior shoulder muscles during a surfing stroke. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1300-1304, 2024-Surfboard paddling may activate posterior shoulder muscles, which are critical to baseball pitchers' injury risk and performance.

Psoas Abscess Precipitated by an Uncommon Pathogen: Pasteurella multocida.

A psoas abscess is a rare infection; it is an accumulation of purulent material within the psoas muscle. Common pathogens include , streptococci, , and other enteric Gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes. These abscesses are thought to occur by either hematogenous spread, contiguous spread from adjacent organs, trauma, or local inoculation.

Recurrent Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia Due to Endotipsitis.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedures are commonly performed in patients with cirrhosis to decrease the pressure in the portal system. An unusual complication of this procedure is endotipsitis, an infection of the shunt/stent with resultant sustained bacteremia caused by vegetation within the TIPS. The most commonly associated pathogens include staphylococci, enterococci, streptococci, and enteric Gram-negative bacilli.

The effects of fish meal substitution by clam meal on the growth and health of Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus).

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of fish meal (FM) substitution by clam meal (CM, at 10%, 20% and 30% of the diet) on the growth, feed utilization, hepatic antioxidant enzymes, plasma parameters, fatty acid and amino acid composition, and gut microbiome of juvenile Florida pompano, Trachinotus carolinus. The results indicated that: (1) juveniles fed 10% and 20% CM had a significantly higher final weight than the group fed the control (0% CM); and the control group also showed significantly lower weight gain, feed intake, protein retention value, whole-body crude protein and total amino acids composition, but higher hepatosomatic index and whole-body crude fat; (2) hepatic peroxide content and superoxide dismutase activity were not significantly affected by the substitution of CM, but it did affect glutathione peroxidase activity, with higher levels found in fish fed 30% CM compared to 0% and 10% CM; (3) plasma total protein, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and immunoglobulin M showed no significant differences among the treatments; (4) there were no significant differences among treatments in terms of fatty acids composition and microbial diversity. Overall, this study concluded that CM has comparable benefit in the diet of Florida pompano as FM does.

Discovery of Milvexian, a High-Affinity, Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of Factor XIa in Clinical Studies for Antithrombotic Therapy.

Factor XIa (FXIa) is an enzyme in the coagulation cascade thought to amplify thrombin generation but has a limited role in hemostasis. From preclinical models and human genetics, an inhibitor of FXIa has the potential to be an antithrombotic agent with superior efficacy and safety. Reversible and irreversible inhibitors of FXIa have demonstrated excellent antithrombotic efficacy without increased bleeding time in animal models (Weitz, J.

Influence of Baseball Training Load on Clinical Reach Tests and Grip Strength in Collegiate Baseball Players.

Context: A baseball-specific training load may influence strength or glenohumeral range of motion, which are related to baseball injuries. Glenohumeral reach tests and grip strength are clinical assessments of shoulder range of motion and upper extremity strength, respectively.

Objective: To examine changes in glenohumeral reach test performance and grip strength between dominant and nondominant limbs and high, moderate, and low baseball-specific training-load groups.

Discovery of a phenylpyrazole amide ROCK inhibitor as a tool molecule for in vivo studies.

Structure-activity relationship optimization on a series of phenylpyrazole amides led to the identification of a dual ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibitor (25) which demonstrated good potency, kinome selectivity and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. Compound 25 was selected as a tool molecule for in vivo studies including evaluating hemodynamic effects in telemeterized mice, from which moderate decreases in blood pressure were observed.

Opioid-free anesthesia for patients undergoing mastectomy: A matched comparison.

Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is being implemented in breast surgery due to increased awareness of adverse effects and the national opioid crisis. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of OFA on postoperative pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in mastectomy patients. A single-institution matched-cohort study was conducted from 2014 to 2017 on 48 women undergoing mastectomy, with the majority also undergoing immediate prosthetic-based reconstruction.

Discovery of a High Affinity, Orally Bioavailable Macrocyclic FXIa Inhibitor with Antithrombotic Activity in Preclinical Species.

Oral factor XIa (FXIa) inhibitors may provide a promising new antithrombotic therapy with an improved benefit to bleeding risk profile over existing antithrombotic agents. Herein, we report application of a previously disclosed cyclic carbamate P1 linker which provided improved oral bioavailability in the imidazole-based 13-membered macrocycle to the 12-membered macrocycle. This resulted in identification of compound with desired FXIa inhibitory potency and good oral bioavailability but high in vivo clearance.

Quality Improvement Project to Promote Identification and Treatment of Children With Obesity Admitted to Hospital.

Among children hospitalized for acute problems, comorbid obesity is commonly unaddressed. The objective was to improve identification and initial management of obesity among hospitalized children. In collaboration with nurses and dietitians, pediatric hospitalists of 2 children's hospitals conducted a quality improvement project to improve body mass index (BMI) documentation, obesity diagnosis, diet, and nutrition consultation through clinician education, development of computerized clinical decision-support system tools, and workflow modifications.

Orally bioavailable amine-linked macrocyclic inhibitors of factor XIa.

The discovery of orally bioavailable FXIa inhibitors has been a challenge. Herein, we describe our efforts to address this challenge by optimization of our imidazole-based macrocyclic series. Our optimization strategy focused on modifications to the P2 prime, macrocyclic amide linker, and the imidazole scaffold.

Potent, Orally Bioavailable, and Efficacious Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Factor XIa. Discovery of Pyridine-Based Macrocycles Possessing Phenylazole Carboxamide P1 Groups.

Factor XIa (FXIa) inhibitors are promising novel anticoagulants, which show excellent efficacy in preclinical thrombosis models with minimal effects on hemostasis. The discovery of potent and selective FXIa inhibitors which are also orally bioavailable has been a challenge. Here, we describe optimization of the imidazole-based macrocyclic series and our initial progress toward meeting this challenge.

Variability in the identification and reporting of overuse injuries among sports injury surveillance data collectors.

Purpose: This study examined variability in identifying and reporting overuse injuries among Certified Athletic Trainers (ATs).

Methods: This cross-sectional study of ATs participating in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Injury Surveillance Program, utilized a novel online-only survey, consisting of seven hypothetical clinical scenarios representing various clinical presentations including overuse and acute elements. Participants reported clinical opinions regarding the role overuse played in each scenario (major contributor, not a major contributor, not enough information) and probability (0-100%) of classifying each scenario as having an overuse injury mechanism, then completed open-ended questions addressing their decision-making process.

Gabapentin Decreases Narcotic Usage: Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Pathway in Free Autologous Breast Reconstruction.

Unlabelled: The opioid crisis is public health emergency, in part due to physician prescribing practices. As a result, there is an increased interest in reducing narcotic use in the postsurgical setting.

Methods: From January 1, 2018, to October 31, 2018, we employed a multidisciplinary, multimodal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway abdominally based free tissue transfer involving the rectus.

Structure based design of macrocyclic factor XIa inhibitors: Discovery of cyclic P1 linker moieties with improved oral bioavailability.

This manuscript describes the discovery of a series of macrocyclic inhibitors of FXIa with oral bioavailability. Assisted by structure based drug design and ligand bound X-ray crystal structures, the group linking the P1 moiety to the macrocyclic core was modified with the goal of reducing H-bond donors to improve pharmacokinetic performance versus 9. This effort resulted in the discovery of several cyclic P1 linkers, exemplified by 10, that are constrained mimics of the bioactive conformation displayed by the acrylamide linker of 9.

Rate of Upper Extremity Injury in High School Baseball Pitchers Who Played Catcher as a Secondary Position.

Context:   Many high school pitchers play another position after they have finished pitching for the day or on their rest days from pitching. Because of the cumulative demands on the arm, pitchers who also play catcher may have a greater risk of developing a throwing-related shoulder or elbow injury.

Objective:   To compare the rate of throwing-related upper extremity injuries between high school baseball pitchers who also played catcher as a secondary position and those who did not play catcher.

Medial Elbow Joint Space Increases With Valgus Stress and Decreases When Cued to Perform A Maximal Grip Contraction.

Background: Previous research indicates that the amount of valgus torque placed on the elbow joint during overhead throwing is higher than the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) can tolerate. Wrist and finger flexor muscle activity is hypothesized to make up for this difference, and in vitro studies that simulated activity of upper extremity musculature, specifically the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor carpi ulnaris, support this hypothesis.

Purpose: To assess the medial elbow joint space at rest, under valgus stress, and under valgus stress with finger and forearm flexor contraction by use of ultrasonography in vivo.

Pyridazine and pyridazinone derivatives as potent and selective factor XIa inhibitors.

Pyridazine and pyridazinone derivatives were designed and synthesized as coagulation factor XIa inhibitors. Potent and selective inhibitors with single digit nanomolar affinity for factor XIa were discovered. Selected inhibitors demonstrated moderate oral bioavailability.

Capture of Time-Loss Overuse Soccer Injuries in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Injury Surveillance System, 2005-2006 Through 2007-2008.

Context:   Overuse injuries are reported to account for nearly 50% of sports injuries and, due to their progressive nature and the uncertainty regarding date of onset, are difficult to define and categorize. Comparing the capture rates of overuse injuries between injury-surveillance systems and medical records can clarify completeness and determinants of how overuse injuries are represented in injury-surveillance data.

Objective:   To estimate the capture rate of time-loss medical-attention overuse injuries in men's and women's soccer in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System (NCAA ISS) compared with medical records maintained by certified athletic trainers and assess the differences in completeness of capture and factors contributing to those differences.

Infraspinatus Cross-Sectional Area and Shoulder Range of Motion Change Following Live-Game Baseball Pitching.

Context: Following a baseball pitching bout, changes can occur to glenohumeral range of motion that could be linked to injury. These effects are in part due to the posterior shoulder's eccentric muscle activity, which can disrupt muscle contractile elements and lead to changes in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), as measured by ultrasound.

Objective: To assess changes in muscle CSA, and range of motion immediately before and after pitching, and days 1 to 5 following pitching.

Discovery of a Parenteral Small Molecule Coagulation Factor XIa Inhibitor Clinical Candidate (BMS-962212).

Factor XIa (FXIa) is a blood coagulation enzyme that is involved in the amplification of thrombin generation. Mounting evidence suggests that direct inhibition of FXIa can block pathologic thrombus formation while preserving normal hemostasis. Preclinical studies using a variety of approaches to reduce FXIa activity, including direct inhibitors of FXIa, have demonstrated good antithrombotic efficacy without increasing bleeding.

Macrocyclic factor XIa inhibitors.

A series of macrocyclic factor XIa (FXIa) inhibitors was designed based on an analysis of the crystal structures of the acyclic phenylimidazole compounds. Further optimization using structure-based design led to inhibitors with pM affinity for FXIa, excellent selectivity against a panel of relevant serine proteases, and good potency in the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) clotting assay.

The Influence of Verbal and Tactile Feedback on Electromyographic Amplitude of the Shoulder Musculature During Common Therapeutic Exercises.

Context: Verbal and tactile feedback (VTF) during rehabilitation exercises can increase muscle activation, thus improving the therapeutic benefits. However, it is unclear which feedback method elicits the greatest electromyographic (EMG) amplitude.

Objective: To determine if the addition of tactile to verbal feedback (VF) increases EMG amplitude of selected shoulder musculature during scapular plane elevation (Ys), shoulder horizontal abduction with external rotation (Ts), and scapular retraction with external rotation (Ws).