Introduction: Testing cognitive functions in Indians with low literacy and linguistic diversity is challenging. We describe the adaptation process of a comprehensive neurocognitive test battery to suit both literate and illiterate aging rural Indians.
Methods: Following the International Test Commission (ITC) guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation, we adapted the COGNITO battery.
Introduction: Intranasal mometasone and oral montelukast have been found to be effective for adenoid hypertrophy in children. We aimed to compare the efficacy of combination therapy of mometasone and montelukast versus mometasone alone for adenoid hypertrophy in children.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a severe and chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia and various complications, including cardiovascular disease. It is diagnosed when fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level is126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher [1].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In an aging surgical patient population, preventing complications such as oversedation has taken increasing priority in perioperative care. Intraoperative use of virtual reality (VR) may decrease sedative requirements. We hypothesize that the use of immersive VR during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) will lead to decreased propofol requirements, improved patient-reported satisfaction, and reduced postoperative opioid requirements compared to active and usual care controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
December 2024
Objectives: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is traditionally done in the prone position. In pediatrics, patient anatomy and anesthesia practices are considerations that affect procedural success and anesthesia time. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety, procedural success, and efficiency of pediatric ERCP in the prone versus supine positions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTeaching assistants (TAs) play a significant role in students' learning environment and experience but receive limited training in the non-curricular aspects of teaching and student support. Graduate students frequently engage in near-peer teaching, with student teachers with one or more years' experience compared to learners engaged in a structured teaching role. Academic institutions may perpetuate racism and its effects on health through institutional norms and pedagogy; training TAs to foster inclusive learning environments is therefore essential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Most Neisseria gonorrhoea (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) are diagnosed at extragenital sites. However, testing at these sites is often lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if a standardized questionnaire administered by physicians and clinical assistants improves documentation of sex activity and increases extragenital testing and diagnoses of GC and CT among MSM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPityriasis rosea is a self-limiting skin disorder that can occur in pediatric patients. We report an atypical presentation of a 23-month-old male with a generalized rash similar in appearance to pityriasis rosea. We then review the literature on pityriasis rosea and its application to pediatrics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present guidelines recommend dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for 6 to 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), with recent trials assessing the safety and efficacy of shortening DAPT duration to ≤3 months. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central databases identified studies comparing short DAPT, followed by P2Y12i monotherapy (78% ticagrelor) versus standard 12-month DAPT in patients who underwent PCI with a drug-eluting stent. A total of 9 randomized controlled trials, including 42,770 patients (short DAPT n = 21,370, 49.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn patients with HIV-diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity, invasive blood glucose testing can increase the risk of HIV-related blood contamination and discourage regular glucose monitoring. Digital continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems may allow real-time glucose monitoring without the need for blood specimens. However, in high-burden HIV-DM countries, current glucose monitoring practices and their challenges are insufficiently explored to guide digital CGM research and developments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Patients undergoing cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation are often on direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC). However, the evidence on whether to continue or temporarily discontinue DOAC therapy during the perioperative period in these patients is unclear.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases through July 2024.
Vast alteration of the biosphere by humans is causing a sixth mass extinction, driven in part by an increase in infectious diseases. The emergence of the lethal fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has devastated global amphibian biodiversity. Given the lack of any broadly applicable methods to reverse these impacts, the future of many amphibians appears grim.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The entry to a professional course such as nursing is challenging for the students, due to its multifaceted curriculum and learning expectations.
Objectives: This study investigates the impact of peer tutoring on academic performance, psychological empowerment, and satisfaction among first-year nursing students.
Methods: A quantitative approach with one-group pre-test post-test design was utilized.
Background And Purpose: Posterior circulation strokes, accounting for 20% of acute ischemic strokes, significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality. Fibrinolysis by rtPA improves outcomes in stroke but the risk of intracranial hemorrhage limits benefit. Arterial recanalization of basilar artery occlusion by thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy improves outcomes in posterior circulation strokes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent methods for determining equilibrium constants often operate in three-dimensional environments, which may not accurately reflect interactions with membrane-bound proteins. With our technique, based on single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), we directly determine protein-protein association () and dissociation () constants in cellular environments by quantifying associated and isolated molecules and their interaction area. We introduce Kernel Surface Density (ks-density,) a novel method for determining the accessible area for interacting molecules, eliminating the need for user-defined parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromarketing is the application of neuroscience and cognitive science to understand and influence consumer behavior and the different underlying decision-making processes. This neuromarketing bibliometric study uses Scopus for bibliographic data and Biblioshiny and Citespace for the overall analysis. Annual scientific production is considered to outline some general lines of critical trends in volume over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonitoring for antibiotic-related lab abnormalities (ARLA), including hematologic, renal, and/or hepatic toxicity, in pediatric osteomyelitis is common. In 240 cases of osteomyelitis with outpatient laboratory monitoring, ARLA occurred in 13.3% with the most common finding being neutropenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) increases pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular (RV) afterload. Assessment of RV systolic function in PH using RV fractional area change (RV FAC) as a marker directly correlates with mortality and the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). However, few studies have assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nephrologists routinely provide end-of-life care for patients with kidney failure (KF) on maintenance dialysis. Involvement of primary care and palliative care physicians may enhance this experience.
Objective: The objective was to describe outpatient care patterns in the last year of life and the end-of-life acute care utilization for patients with KF on maintenance dialysis.
Rationale: Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are a newer class of drugs that induce bronchodilation and have anti-inflammatory effects, making them susceptible to misuse as performance enhancers in competitive sports.
Methods: This study explores the metabolic conversion of PDE4 inhibitor ibudilast in thoroughbred horses after oral administration and in vitro using equine liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans. A liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry method was used to postulate the plausible structures of the detected metabolites.
StkP, the Ser/Thr protein kinase of the major human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, monitors cell wall signals and regulates growth and division in response. In vivo, StkP interacts with GpsB, a cell division protein required for septal ring formation and closure, that affects StkP-dependent phosphorylation. Here, we report that although StkP has basal intrinsic kinase activity, GpsB promotes efficient autophosphorylation of StkP and phosphorylation of StkP substrates.
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