Correlation Between Sea-Level Rise and Aspects of Future Tropical Cyclone Activity in CMIP6 Models.

Future coastal flood hazard at many locations will be impacted by both tropical cyclone (TC) change and relative sea-level rise (SLR). Despite sea level and TC activity being influenced by common thermodynamic and dynamic climate variables, their future changes are generally considered independently. Here, we investigate correlations between SLR and TC change derived from simulations of 26 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models.

Anatomical study of the internal carotid venous plexus: new findings with application to skull base surgery.

Objective: The venous plexus (internal carotid venous plexus) surrounding the petrous part of the internal carotid artery (ICAp) is said to be one drainage pathway of the cavernous sinus. These veins have many potential clinical implications including iatrogenic hemorrhage during surgical approaches to the skull base and carotid-cavernous fistulas. Because there are few morphological data about this venous plexus at the skull base, this descriptive/quantitative study was performed to elucidate its anatomy.

Middle Fossa Encephaloceles Treated via the Transmastoid Approach: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background: Middle fossa (MF) encephaloceles are rare lesions resulting from herniation through defects in the tegmen tympani or mastoideum. Underlying etiologies and clinical presentations are variable. Surgical goals include fistula obliteration, resection of nonfunctioning parenchyma, and dehiscence repair.

Transradial access for anterior circulation deployment of pipeline embolization device: A case report, literature review, and technical note.

Common femoral artery (CFA) transfemoral access (TFA) has been the traditional route for neuroendovascular intervention with flow diversion including the pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of wide-necked aneurysms. Successful deployment requires significant catheter support, thus making alternative access challenging. A 56-year-old-female presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a large ruptured posterior communicating artery (PCOM) aneurysm as well as found to have an unruptured left superior cerebellar artery (SCA) aneurysm.

Anatomical Study of the Posterior Spinal Artery Branches to the Medulla Oblongata.

Background: The posterior spinal arteries (PSAs), branches of the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery, run bilaterally along the spinal cord and are integral to the blood supply primarily to the posterior one third of this structure. However, a less well-described distribution of the PSAs is their supply to the posterior medulla. The purpose of this study is to examine the medullary branches of the PSA anatomically.

Anatomic Study Quantifying the Relationship Between the Arcuate Eminence and the Root of the Zygoma: Application to Skull Base Surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to define the structural relationship between the arcuate eminence (AE) and a known fixed external bony landmark, the root of the zygoma (ZR), and to determine its reliability as a consistent guide for guiding surgical approaches. To our knowledge, this is the only anatomic study to quantify the relationship between the AE and ZR.

Methods: Twenty-one dry temporal bones were measured using digital calipers.

Adult Pineal Region Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor: A Case for Aggressive Surgical and Chemoradiation Management with Comprehensive Literature Review.

Background: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a rare, highly malignant central nervous system neoplasm classified as an embryonal grade IV neoplasm by the World Health Organization. ATRT generally occurs in children younger than 3 years, with 85 pathologically confirmed cases reported in adults. It is most commonly supratentorial, with only 9 confirmed adult cases localized to the pineal region.

The inferior intercavernous sinus: An anatomical study with application to trans-sphenoidal approaches to the pituitary gland.

Objectives: The inferior intercavernous sinus is located below the pituitary gland in the sella turcica. Its presence has been controversial among anatomists because it is not always found on radiological imaging or during cadaveric dissections; however, it is becoming a better-known structure in the neurosurgical and radiological fields, specifically with respect to transsphenoidal surgery. Therefore, the present study was performed to better elucidate this structure at the skull base.

Comprehensive review of the mastoid foramen.

Anatomical variations of the mastoid foramen have been observed to vary in a number of qualities including size, number, and location. These variants have the potential to become problematic during surgical approaches to the posterior cranial fossa and mastoid part of the temporal bone, and should thus be appreciated by the surgeon. Herein, we discuss the mastoid foramen in detail including issues with such foramina that should be known to the neurosurgeon.

Herniation of orbital fat through the inferior orbital fissure and into the infratemporal fossa: a cadaveric case report and review.

Orbital fat herniation is primarily in a subconjunctival location. However, herniation through the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) has been scantly reported. Here, we report a cadaveric case of herniation of orbital fat through the inferior orbital fissure and into the infratemporal fossa.

Endovascular Management of a Ruptured Basilar Perforator Artery Aneurysm Associated with a Pontine Arteriovenous Malformation: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)-associated aneurysms are common, reported in 15% of cases. Regarding the ruptured posterior fossa AVMs, associated aneurysms are present in 48% of cases and are the cause of the bleed in 37%. We present a 75-year-old female who presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a ruptured aneurysm arising from a flow-related basilar perforator artery feeder of an anterior pontine AVM.

Endovascular Management of Multiple Dysplastic Aneurysms in a Young Man with an Unknown Underlying Cause: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms are the leading cause of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and are most commonly associated with the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and anterior communicating artery complex. We describe the presentation and management of a 27-year-old man with concurrent bilateral A1-2 junction aneurysms and fusiform intraorbital ophthalmic artery (OA) aneurysms.

Case Description: A 27-year-old man with no past medical history presented with 3 months of headaches.