Gender, Personality, and Cognitive Resilience Against Early-Life Disadvantage.

Objectives: Early-life disadvantage (ELD) relates to lower late-life cognition. However, personality factors, including having an internal locus of control (LOC) or a conscientious personality, relate to resilience and effective stress coping. We explore whether personality factors convey resilience against the negative effects of ELD on cognition, by gender, in Mexico.

Food Insecurity across the Life-Course and Cognitive Function among Older Mexican Adults.

Background: Food insecurity remains a global public health problem. Experiencing food insecurity is related to poorer cognitive function among older adults. However, few studies have examined how food insecurity, experienced over the life-course, relates to cognitive function among older adults in Mexico.

The Relationship Between Multimorbidity and Types of Chronic Diseases and Self-Rated Memory.

This study explores the impact of multimorbidity and types of chronic diseases on self-rated memory in older adults in the United States. Data were drawn from the 2011 wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, N = 6,481). Logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between multimorbidity and types of chronic diseases and fair/poor self-rated memory.

Rural/urban dwelling across the life-course and late-life cognitive ability in Mexico.

Background: Urban advantages in older adults' cognitive function have been observed. Less is known about early-life urban dwelling and late-life cognition. We evaluate how rural/urban dwelling throughout life and rural to urban shifts in life relate with cognition in Mexico, a country experiencing aging and urbanization.

Effect of Demographic and Health Dynamics on Cognitive Status in Mexico between 2001 and 2015: Evidence from the Mexican Health and Aging Study.

Sources of health disparities such as educational attainment, cardiovascular risk factors, and access to health care affect cognitive impairment among older adults. To examine the extent to which these counteracting changes affect cognitive aging over time among Mexican older adults, we examine how sociodemographic factors, cardiovascular diseases, and their treatment relate to changes in cognitive function of Mexican adults aged 60 and older between 2001 and 2015. Self and proxy respondents were classified as dementia, cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and normal cognition.

Household use of polluting cooking fuels and late-life cognitive function: A harmonized analysis of India, Mexico, and China.

Introduction: Exposure to high levels of air pollution is associated with poor health, including worse cognitive function. Whereas many studies of cognition have assessed outdoor air pollution, we evaluate how exposure to air pollution from combustion of polluting household fuels relates with cognitive function using harmonized data from India, Mexico, and China.

Materials & Methods: We analyze adults age 50+ in three nationally representative studies of aging with common data collection methods: the 2017-2019 Longitudinal Aging Study in India (n = 50,532), 2015 Mexican Health and Aging Study (n = 12,883), and 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (n = 12,913).

Solid cooking fuel use and cognitive decline among older Mexican adults.

Studies of air pollution and cognition often rely on measures from outdoor environments. Many individuals in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to indoor air pollution from combustion of solid cooking fuels. Little is known about how solid cooking fuel use affects cognitive decline over time.

Spousal Support, Spousal Strain, and Loneliness in Older Mexican Couples.

Objectives: A growing body of research has identified factors related to loneliness among older adults. Fewer have investigated predictors of loneliness within married couples. This analysis investigates how spousal support and strain relate with loneliness within older couples (age 50+), and whether these associations are modified by functional limitation.

Elevated Depressive Symptoms and the Risk of Stroke among the Mexican Older Population.

Background/objectives: Several longitudinal studies in high-income countries suggest that depression increases stroke risk. However, few prior studies have evaluated this association in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where rapidly aging populations may have markedly different vascular risk profiles.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Educational Benefits and Cognitive Health Life Expectancies: Racial/Ethnic, Nativity, and Gender Disparities.

Background And Objectives: To examine racial/ethnic, nativity, and gender differences in the benefits of educational attainment on cognitive health life expectancies among older adults in the United States.

Research Design And Methods: We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2014) to estimate Sullivan-based life tables of cognitively healthy, cognitively impaired/no dementia, and dementia life expectancies by gender for older White, Black, U.S.

The Association Between Spousal Education and Cognitive Ability Among Older Mexican Adults.

Objectives: Education and cognition are closely associated, yet the role of spousal education is not well understood. We estimate the independent effects of own and spousal education on cognitive ability in late-life in Mexico, a developing country experiencing rapid aging.

Method: We analyzed 4,017 married dyads (age 50+) from the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study.

Marital Power and Depressive Symptoms among Older Mexican Adults.

An extensive body of research documents marital status differences in health among older adults. However, few studies have investigated the heterogeneity in depressive symptomatology among older married adults living in developing countries. Our study investigates the interplay of gender and marital power dynamics for mental health among older Mexican adults.

Fertility History and Cognitive Function in Late Life: The Case of Mexico.

Objectives: Mexico is aging rapidly, which makes identification of life-course factors influencing cognition a public health priority. We evaluate how the number of children one has relates to cognition in Mexico, a rapidly aging country that experienced fertility declines across recent cohorts of older people.

Method: We analyze older adults (age 50+, n = 11,380) from the 2015 Mexican Health and Aging Study.

Religious Participation and Mortality Risk in Mexico.

Objectives: Although research suggests that religious involvement tends to favor longevity, most of this work has been conducted in the United States. This article explores the association between religious participation and all-cause mortality risk in Mexico.

Methods: We used data from the 2003-2015 Mexican Health and Aging Study (n = 14,743) and Cox proportional hazard regression models to assess the association between religious participation and all-cause mortality risk.

Late life depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older Mexican adults: the past and the present.

: To evaluate associations between depression and individual cognitive domains and how changes in depressive symptoms relate to cognition three years later in the context of Mexico, a developing country experiencing rapid aging.: Data comes from the 2012 and 2015 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study ( = 12,898, age 50+). Depression is ascertained using a modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale.

Age of Migration and the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment: A Cohort Study of Elder Mexican-Americans.

Background And Objectives: To explore nativity and age of migration differentials in the incidence of cognitive impairment among older Mexican-Americans.

Research Design And Methods: We employ maximum-likelihood discrete time hazard models to estimate risk ratios of cognitive impairment in a sample of 2,708 Mexican-Americans 65 and older who were cognitively healthy at baseline over a follow-up period of up to 20 years.

Results: Late-life immigrant women have a 46% higher risk of cognitive impairment compared to U.

Indoor air pollution and cognitive function among older Mexican adults.

Background: A growing body of research suggests exposure to high levels of outdoor air pollution may negatively affect cognitive functioning in older adults, but less is known about the link between indoor sources of air pollution and cognitive functioning. We examine the association between exposure to indoor air pollution and cognitive function among older adults in Mexico, a developing country where combustion of biomass for domestic energy remains common.

Method: Data come from the 2012 Wave of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.

Racial/Ethnic and Nativity Differences in Cognitive Life Expectancies Among Older Adults in the United States.

Background And Objectives: To document racial/ethnic and nativity differences by gender in cognitive life expectancies among older adults in the United States.

Research Design And Methods: Sullivan-based life tables were used to estimate cognitively normal, cognitively impaired/no dementia (CIND), and dementia life expectancies by gender for White, Black, U.S.

Cognition and Context: Rural-Urban Differences in Cognitive Aging Among Older Mexican Adults.

Objective: To describe differences in cognitive functioning across rural and urban areas among older Mexican adults.

Method: We include respondents aged 50+ in the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). Cognitive functioning by domain is regressed as a function of community size.

Age of Migration Differentials in Life Expectancy With Cognitive Impairment: 20-Year Findings From the Hispanic-EPESE.

Background And Objectives: To examine differences in life expectancy with cognitive impairment among older Mexican adults according to nativity (U.S.-born/foreign-born) and among immigrants, age of migration to the United States.

Family size and old-age wellbeing: effects of the fertility transition in Mexico.

The present study aims to determine how family size affects psycho-social, economic and health wellbeing in old age differently across two cohorts with declining fertility. The data are from the 2012 Mexican Health and Ageing Study (MHAS) including respondents aged 50+ (N = 13,102). Poisson (standard and zero-inflated) and logistic regressions are used to model determinants of wellbeing in old age: psycho-social (depressive symptoms), economic (consumer durables and insurance) and health (chronic conditions).

Educational Gradients and Pathways of Disability Onset Among Older Mexicans.

Introduction: Educational disparities research is less common in developing countries. We evaluate whether educational gradients of disability onset exist in Mexico across groups (birth cohort and sex) and whether the association is unexplained or indirect via health (health behaviors, chronic conditions, and self-rated health) or economic (income, wealth, and health insurance) pathways.

Method: Data come from the Mexican Health & Aging study.

A life course approach to mortality in Mexico.

Objective: Research on early life socioeconomic status (SES), education and mortality is less established in developing countries. This analysis aims to determine how SES and education are patterned across the life course and associated with adult mortality in Mexico.

Materials And Methods: Data comes from 2001-2012 Mexican Health & Aging Study (Mexican adults age 50+, n= 11,222).