Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review and Multidisciplinary Treatment Recommendations.

: Acute ischemic stroke is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Despite improvements in device technology and procedural techniques, stroke rates have remained stable, with cerebral embolic protection devices demonstrating only limited efficacy to date. Therefore, the management of acute ischemic stroke complicating TAVI (AISCT) remains a key priority.

Impact of sleep disturbance on longitudinal cognitive performance in patients with transient ischemic attack or mild stroke.

Introduction: Sleep disturbances including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and poor sleep quality are common after stroke, while its association with cognitive changes following transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mild stroke remains unclear. We aim to determine whether sleep duration, OSA parameters, or nocturnal hypoxemia is associated with a greater cognitive decline after stroke.

Methods: We prospectively followed-up patients with acute TIA/mild stroke [National Institute Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) < 7] who underwent baseline sleep questionnaire [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)], and serial cognitive assessments [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 5-min, Stroop Test] at baseline and one-year.

Combined Quantitative amyloid-β PET and Structural MRI Features Improve Alzheimer's Disease Classification in Random Forest Model - A Multicenter Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Prior to clinical presentations of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), neuropathological changes, such as amyloid-β and brain atrophy, have accumulated at the earlier stages of the disease. The combination of such biomarkers assessed by multiple modalities commonly improves the likelihood of AD etiology. We aimed to explore the discriminative ability of Aβ PET features and whether combining Aβ PET and structural MRI features can improve the classification performance of the machine learning model in older healthy control (OHC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from AD.

IC3 protocol: a longitudinal observational study of cognition after stroke using novel digital health technology.

Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, frequently resulting in persistent cognitive deficits among survivors. These deficits negatively impact recovery and therapy engagement, and their treatment is consistently rated as high priority by stakeholders and clinicians. Although clinical guidelines endorse cognitive screening for poststroke management, there is currently no gold-standard approach for identifying cognitive deficits after stroke, and clinical stroke services lack the capacity for long-term cognitive monitoring and care.

Inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction and Depressive State during Acute Bacterial Infections and the Recovery Phase.

During a bacterial infection, individuals may present with behavioral changes referred to as sickness behavior, which has been suggested is induced by the inflammatory markers that are released because of the infective immunological challenge. However, few studies have explored this multidimensional phenomenon in naturally occurring conditions. A longitudinal observational study was conducted to explore the role of inflammatory cytokines in mediating the sickness behavior during a bacterial infection.

Mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery stroke: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The evidence for mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery occlusion has until now remained inconclusive with basilar artery strokes associated with high rates of death and disability. This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the available evidence for the effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery occlusion compared to best medical therapy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials using Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL).

Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: A 1-Year Follow-up.

Background And Objectives: Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).

Transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex improves speech production in post-stroke dysarthric speakers: A randomized pilot study.

Purpose: The current study investigated the therapeutic potential of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on speech intelligibility, speech-related physiological and vocal functions among post-stroke dysarthric patients.

Method: Nine chronic post-stroke dysarthric patients were randomly assigned to the stimulation or sham group. The stimulation group received 2mA of anodal tDCS over the left inferior primary motor cortex for 15 minutes, while the sham group received 30s of stimulation under the same settings.

Level of Amyloid-β (Aβ) Binding Leading to Differential Effects on Resting State Functional Connectivity in Major Brain Networks.

Introduction: Amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is one of the biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The recent application of interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) in resting-state fMRI has been used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early dementia. In this study, we focused on the level of Aβ accumulated and its effects on the major functional networks, including default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), salience network (SN), self-referential network (SRN) and sensory motor network (SMN).

Prevalence of stroke in acute vertigo presentations: A UK tertiary stroke centre perspective.

The reported prevalence of stroke amongst patients presenting to hospital with acute vertigo and/or imbalance is c. 5%, leading to the pervasive notion amongst emergency and stroke physicians, that stroke is uncommon in this cohort. To interrogate the veracity of this notion, we systematically and retrospectively screened the electronic care records in our institution of patients referred as suspected stroke, to a hyperacute stroke service at a large tertiary referral centre.

The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations signals related to amyloid uptake in high-risk populations-A pilot fMRI study.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) have a higher risk to develop Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to document neurological involvement in the two groups from the aspect of brain dysfunction. Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) starts decades ago before the onset of clinical symptoms and may already have been associated with brain function in high-risk populations.

Antithrombotic therapy to prevent cognitive decline in people with small vessel disease on neuroimaging but without dementia.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease is a progressive disease of the brain's deep perforating blood vessels. It is usually diagnosed based on lesions seen on brain imaging. Cerebral small vessel disease is a common cause of stroke but can also cause a progressive cognitive decline.

Leukocyte invasion of the brain after peripheral trauma in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Despite well-known systemic immune reactions in peripheral trauma, little is known about their roles in posttraumatic neurological disorders, such as anxiety, sickness, and cognitive impairment. Leukocyte invasion of the brain, a common denominator of systemic inflammation, is involved in neurological disorders that occur in peripheral inflammatory diseases, whereas the influences of peripheral leukocytes on the brain after peripheral trauma remain largely unclear. In this study, we found that leukocytes, largely macrophages, transiently invaded the brain of zebrafish larvae after peripheral trauma through vasculature-independent migration, which was a part of the systemic inflammation and was mediated by interleukin-1b (il1b).

Incremental diagnostic value of 18F-Fluetemetamol PET in differential diagnoses of Alzheimer's Disease-related neurodegenerative diseases from an unselected memory clinic cohort.

To evaluate the incremental diagnostic value of 18F-Flutemetamol PET following MRI measurements on an unselected prospective cohort collected from a memory clinic. A total of 84 participants was included in this study. A stepwise study design was performed including initial analysis (based on clinical assessments), interim analysis (revision of initial analysis post-MRI) and final analysis (revision of interim analysis post-18F-Flutemetamol PET).

Genetic and Ecological Diversity of and Cryptic Clades in Subtropical Aquatic Environments.

not only inhabit the large intestines of human and warm-blooded animals but could also persist in the external environment. However, current knowledge was largely based on host-associated strains. Moreover, cryptic clades that were often misidentified as by conventional diagnostic methods were discovered.