Haemorrhoid artery ligation - recto anal repair (HAL-RAR) blind versus Doppler: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Haemorrhoids remain a highly prevalent condition in Australia, affecting 39% of the adult Australian population. While haemorrhoidectomy remains the gold standard in the management of haemorrhoids, newer techniques such as haemorrhoid artery ligation-recto anal repair (HAL-RAR) are emerging as promising management modalities. We compare the efficacy of non-Doppler guided (non-DG) HAL-RAR versus Doppler-guided (DG) HAL-RAR in the management of haemorrhoids.

FDG-PET/MRI in colorectal cancer care: an updated systematic review.

Purpose: Since its introduction in 2011, FDG-PET/MRI has been advocated as a useful adjunct in colorectal cancer care. However, gaps and limitations in current research remain. This systematic review aims to review the current literature to quantify the utility of FDG-PET/MRI in colorectal cancer care.

Applications of natural language processing tools in the surgical journey.

Background: Natural language processing tools are becoming increasingly adopted in multiple industries worldwide. They have shown promising results however their use in the field of surgery is under-recognised. Many trials have assessed these benefits in small settings with promising results before large scale adoption can be considered in surgery.

A systematic review of minimally invasive cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal malignancy.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is traditionally a maximally invasive operation with a large abdominal incision and multi-visceral resections. However, to minimize abdominal wall morbidity and improve functional recovery, some centres have adopted a minimally invasive (MI) approach in select cases. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the evidence for safety and patient selection for minimally invasive approaches to CRS and HIPEC with curative intent.

Emerging multi-port soft tissue robotic systems: a systematic review of clinical outcomes.

Multiple novel multi-port robotic surgical systems have been introduced into clinical practice. This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of these novel robotic systems to conventional laparoscopic technique and established da Vinci robotic surgical platforms. A literature search of Embase, Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines from 2012 to May 2023.

Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Surgery: Predictive Factors and Survival.

<br><b>Introduction:</b> Anastomotic leak (AL) is a serious complication following colorectal surgery.</br> <br><b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the development of AL and to analyze its impact on survival.</br> <br><b>Materials and methods:</b> All consecutive adult colorectal cancer resections performed between 2007 and 2020 with curative intent and anastomosis formation were included from a prospectively maintained database.

Effectiveness of NOTES versus traditional techniques on surgical outcomes in adults with diverticulitis: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: This review will evaluate the effectiveness of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)/hybrid NOTES versus traditional surgical techniques in the management of diverticular disease.

Introduction: Diverticular disease can have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life, especially the changes affecting bowel function. Recurrent/severe symptoms may require surgery.

Use of patient-derived explants as a preclinical model for precision medicine in colorectal cancer: A scoping review.

Purpose: Whilst the treatment paradigm for colorectal cancer has evolved significantly over time, there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers of treatment response. Treatment decisions are based on high-risk features such as advanced TNM stage and histology. The role of the tumour microenvironment, which can influence tumour progression and treatment response, has generated considerable interest.

Robotic versus laparoscopic gastric bypass in bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis on perioperative outcomes.

Background: Robotic-assisted surgery has emerged as a compelling approach to bariatric surgery. However, current literature has not consistently demonstrated superior outcomes to laparoscopic bariatric surgery to justify its higher cost. With its mechanical advantages, the potential gains from the robotic surgical platform are likely to be apparent in more complex cases such as gastric bypass, especially revisional cases.

Accuracy of deep neural learning models in the imaging prediction of pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review.

Purpose: Up to 15-27% of patients achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Deep neural learning (DL) algorithms have been suggested to be a useful adjunct to allow accurate prediction of pCR and to identify patients who could potentially avoid surgery. This systematic review aims to interrogate the accuracy of DL algorithms at predicting pCR.

Robotic versus laparoscopic proctectomy: a comparative study of short-term economic and clinical outcomes.

Background: Although several studies compare the clinical outcomes and costs of laparoscopic and robotic proctectomy, most of them reflect the outcomes of the utilisation of older generation robotic platforms. The aim of this study is to compare the financial and clinical outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic proctectomy within a public healthcare system, utilising a multi-quadrant platform.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic and robotic proctectomy between January 2017 and June 2020 in a public quaternary centre were included.

Immune mediated colitis: a surgical perspective.

Background: This study aims to review and summarize the current up to date literature that explore the current treatment approaches to immune mediated colitis and the role of surgical specialties in the landscape of management.

Methods: A narrative review of papers was performed following a literature search through Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central databases pertaining to immune mediated colitis as an adverse event of cancer immunotherapy.

Results: Current guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of immune mediated colitis mirror the approach to the workup of inflammatory bowel disease and guided by treating oncology and gastroenterology specialties.

Impact of the approach on conversion to open surgery during minimally invasive restorative total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer.

Background: The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the approach on conversion in patients undergoing minimally invasive restorative total mesorectal excision within a single unit.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients with rectal cancer undergoing minimally invasive restorative total mesorectal excision between January 2006 and June 2020 were included.

Impact of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Aim: Peritoneal dissemination of infiltrative appendiceal tumors is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a well-recognized treatment option for selected patients. Neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NAC) has been shown to be associated with improved overall survival (OS) in colorectal peritoneal metastases but little is known of the impact of this from an appendiceal adenocarcinoma perspective.

The Impact of Peri-operative Enteral Immunonutrition on Post-operative Complications in Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Immunonutrition (IMN) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer surgery remains under-utilised and contentious. Despite previous meta-analysis reporting benefit, most recent randomised control trials (RCTs) have failed to demonstrate this and have recommended against its routine use. A contemporary meta-analysis may contribute to the recommendations for immunonutrition use and help select which patients may benefit.

Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Surgery: A Bi-National Database Study.

IntroductionAnastomotic leak (AL) is a serious complication following colorectal surgery. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the development of AL and analyze its impact on survival.Materials and MethodsAll consecutive adult colorectal cancer resections with curative intent and anastomosis formation were included from a prospectively maintained bi-national database between 2007 and 2020.

Robotic pelvic side-wall lymph node dissection for rectal cancer: a systematic review of videos and application of the IDEAL 2A framework.

Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) in rectal cancer has gained increasing traction worldwide. Robotic LPLND is an emerging technique. Utilising the IDEAL (idea, development, exploration, assessment and long-term follow-up) framework for surgical innovation, robotic LPLND is currently at the IDEAL 2A stage (development) mainly limited to case reports, case series and videos.

The management of clinically suspicious para-aortic lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: A systematic review.

Approximately 1%-2% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) develop para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastases, which are typically considered markers of systemic disease, and are associated with a poor prognosis. The utility of PALN dissection (PALND) in patients with CRC is of ongoing debate and only small-scale retrospective studies have been published on this topic to date. This systematic review aimed to determine the utility of resecting PALN metastases with the primary outcome measure being the difference in survival outcomes following either surgical resection or non-resection of these metastases.

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in small bowel adenocarcinoma with peritoneal metastasis: a systematic review.

Objectives: Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) with peritoneal metastasis (PM) is rare and despite treatment with systemic chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor. However, there is emerging evidence that cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) may offer a survival benefit over systemic therapy alone. This systematic review will assess the effectiveness of CRS-HIPEC for SBA-PM.