Longitudinal scoliosis behavior in Chiari malformation with and without syringomyelia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the natural history of scoliosis in patients with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with and without syringomyelia.

Methods: A retrospective review of data was conducted. Patients with CM-I were identified from a cohort of 14,118 individuals age 18 years or younger who had undergone MRI over an 11-year period at the University of Michigan.

Subdural hematoma from an acquired dural arteriovenous fistula following external ventricular drain placement for subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas represent pathological connections between dural arteries and dural veins, dural sinuses or meningeal veins in the absence of an intervening capillary bed. They are thought to be acquired secondary to trauma, surgery, sinus thrombosis, venous hypertension or arterial dysplasia. A 66-year-old Asian female presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured 2-mm saccular aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery associated with fusiform dilatation.

Pediatric and adolescent injury in motocross.

Motocross is a competitive outdoor extreme sport in which motorcyclists race across vast courses of jumps, berms and long straightaways of unpredictable terrain. While the sport has gained notoriety in adult popular culture through contests like the X Games, motocross is also increasingly popular among youth in the Unites States and beyond. In the setting of contemporary discussions on traumatic brain injury, this poses an obvious challenge to those advising children and parents on the risks of motocross to the developing brain and spine.

Does the Coexistence of Multiple Segmental Rib Fractures in Polytrauma Patients Presenting With "Major" Vertebral Fracture Affect Care and Acute Outcomes?

Objective: To determine whether operating on "major" vertebral fractures leads to premature abortion of surgery and/or other acute cardiopulmonary complications.

Design: Retrospective review.

Clinical Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Diagnosis and Outcome of Biopsies of Indeterminate Lesions of the Cavernous Sinus and Meckel's Cave: A Retrospective Case Series in 85 Patients.

Background: When clinical presentation, laboratory studies, or imaging cannot diagnose cavernous sinus (CS) and/or Meckel's cave (MC) lesions, biopsy may be necessary.

Objective: To review our institutional series of biopsies of indeterminate CS and MC lesions.

Methods: Records from January 1994 to June 2016 were searched for biopsied indeterminate CS and MC lesions.

Temporal Lobe Gliosarcoma After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.

Objective: Secondary tumorigenesis after exposure to ionizing radiation is a well-described phenomenon. The probability of developing a malignancy after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is theoretically less than conventional external beam radiation therapy; however, the exact risk remains unknown. Such information is important for patient counseling when considering treatment of benign conditions such as vestibular schwannoma (VS).

Syrinx location and size according to etiology: identification of Chiari-associated syrinx.

OBJECT Syrinx size and location within the spinal cord may differ based on etiology or associated conditions of the brain and spine. These differences have not been clearly defined. METHODS All patients with a syrinx were identified from 14,118 patients undergoing brain or cervical spine imaging at a single institution over an 11-year interval.

Minimizing transfusions in primary cranial vault remodeling: the role of aminocaproic acid.

Background: Cranial vault remodeling (CVR) for craniosynostosis is a procedure with the potential for significant blood loss. Aminocaproic acid (ACA) has been used at our institution during CVR for its antifibrinolytic effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ACA on blood loss and transfusion rates during primary CVR.

Sphenoid and subdural hemorrhage as a presenting sign of ruptured clinoid aneurysm.

Background: Aneurysm rupture presenting as an isolated or pure subdural hematoma (SDH) without subarachnoid hemorrhage is an extremely rare radiographic presentation. We present a case of a ruptured internal carotid artery aneurysm with a pure SDH and concurrent sphenoid sinus hemorrhage.

Methods: Case report and review of the literature.

Chiari malformation associated with craniosynostosis.

Object: Chiari malformation (CM) Type I is frequently associated with craniosynostosis. Optimal management of CM in patients with craniosynostosis is not well-established. The goal of this study was to report on a series of pediatric patients with both craniosynostosis and CM and discuss their management.

Natural history of Chiari malformation Type I following decision for conservative treatment.

Object: The natural history of the Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is incompletely understood. The authors report on the outcome of a large group of patients with CM-I that were initially selected for nonsurgical management.

Methods: The authors identified 147 patients in whom CM-I was diagnosed on MR imaging, who were not offered surgery at the time of diagnosis, and in whom at least 1 year of clinical and MR imaging follow-up was available after the initial CM-I diagnosis.

Chiari malformation Type I and syrinx in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.

Object: Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) with an associated spinal syrinx is a common pediatric diagnosis. A better understanding of the relative age-related prevalence and MR imaging characteristics of these associated conditions may lead to improved treatment decisions.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of 14,116 consecutive individuals 18 years of age or younger who had undergone brain or cervical spine MR imaging at the University of Michigan between November 1997 and August 2008.

Neural-specific α3-fucosylation of N-linked glycans in the Drosophila embryo requires fucosyltransferase A and influences developmental signaling associated with O-glycosylation.

Addition of fucose (Fuc) to glycoprotein N-linked glycans or in O-linkage directly to Ser/Thr residues modulates specific cell-cell interactions and cell signaling events. Vertebrates and invertebrates add Fuc in α6-linkage to the reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue of N-glycans. In Drosophila and other invertebrates, Fuc can also be added in α3-linkage to the same residue.