Mealtime media use and cardiometabolic risk in children.

Objectives: To examine the association between mealtime media use and non-HDL-cholesterol as well as other markers of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children.

Design: A repeated measures study design was used to examine the association between mealtime media use and CMR outcomes. Multivariable linear regression with generalised estimating equations was used to examine the association between mealtime media use and CMR outcomes.

genotype, dietary protein intake, and body weight in a multiethnic population of young adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene () has been associated with susceptibility to obesity, but the association appears to be modified by diet. We investigated whether dietary protein intake modifies the association between variant rs1558902 and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in young adults ( = 1491) from the cross-sectional Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study.

Results: Lifestyle, genetic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected and diet was assessed using a Toronto-modified Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and nutritional status in individuals with positive celiac disease serology.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa and nutrient malabsorption in severe cases. However, it remains unclear whether nutrient deficiencies and other adverse health effects are prevalent in individuals with positive CD serology identified through screening studies.

Objective: The objective was to determine whether biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and nutritional status differ between those with positive and negative CD serology identified in a screening study of Canadian adults.

Prevalence of positive coeliac disease serology and HLA risk genotypes in a multiethnic population of adults in Canada: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Coeliac disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune disorder with known genetic risk factors. Approximately 1% of individuals of European ancestry have CD, but the prevalence among different ethnicities living in Canada remains unknown. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of positive CD serology in a population of Canadian adults living in Toronto, and to determine whether the prevalence of CD seropositivity and predisposing human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2/DQ8 risk genotypes differ between major ethnocultural groups.

Hormonal contraceptive use and prevalence of premenstrual symptoms in a multiethnic Canadian population.

Background: Hormonal contraceptive use may be associated with a reduction in some premenstrual symptoms, however, the evidence remains equivocal. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the associations between ethnicity and hormonal contraceptive use with premenstrual symptoms.

Methods: One thousand one hundred two women participating in the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study provided data on their premenstrual symptoms and hormonal contraceptive use.

Retraction: Circulating plant miRNAs can regulate human gene expression in vitro.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep32773.

Fructose intake and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: The prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout has increased in recent decades. The role of dietary fructose in the development of these conditions remains unclear.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies investigating the association fructose consumption with incident gout and hyperuricemia.

Circulating plant miRNAs can regulate human gene expression in vitro.

While Brassica oleracea vegetables have been linked to cancer prevention, the exact mechanism remains unknown. Regulation of gene expression by cross-species microRNAs has been previously reported; however, its link to cancer suppression remains unexplored. In this study we address both issues.

Gluten Intake Is Positively Associated with Plasma α2-Macroglobulin in Young Adults.

Background: Gluten-free foods have increased in popularity over the past decade and are now being consumed by individuals without celiac disease. However, the physiologic effects of gluten intake in individuals without celiac disease remain unknown. High-abundance plasma proteins involved in inflammation, endothelial function, and other physiologic pathways may represent potential biomarkers of biological effects of gluten intake.

Positive association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and C-reactive protein is confounded by hormonal contraceptive use.

Background: Studies of the relationship between vitamin D and inflammation are equivocal. This may be due to unaccounted confounding. Hormonal contraceptive (HC) use is associated with elevated circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in Caucasians and African-Americans, but its effects on 25(OH)D in other ethnicities are unclear.

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, hormonal contraceptive use, and the plasma proteome in Caucasian, East Asian, and South Asian young adults.

Vitamin D affects gene expression, but its downstream effects on the proteome are unclear. Hormonal contraceptives (HC), which affect vitamin D metabolism and have widespread effects on the plasma proteome, may confound the association between vitamin D and the proteome. We determined whether HC use modified the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) and a panel of 54 high-abundance plasma proteins.