Safety and efficacy of intravesical chemotherapy and hyperthermia in the bladder: results of a porcine study.

Background: Hyperthermia (heating to 43 °C) activates the innate immune system and improves bladder cancer chemosensitivity.

Objective: To evaluate the tissue penetration and safety of convective hyperthermia combined with intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) pharmacokinetics in live porcine bladder models using the Combat bladder recirculation system (BRS).

Methods: Forty 60 kg-female swine were anesthetized and catheterized with a 3-way, 16 F catheter.

Diet and Exercise Are not Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass and Sarcopenia in Patients with Bladder Cancer.

Background: There is limited understanding about why sarcopenia is happening in bladder cancer, and which modifiable and nonmodifiable patient-level factors affect its occurrence.

Objective: The objective is to determine the extent to which nonmodifiable risk factors, modifiable lifestyle risk factors, or cancer-related factors are determining body composition changes and sarcopenia in bladder cancer survivors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Patients above 18 yr of age with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of bladder cancer and a history of receiving care at Duke University Medical Center between January 1, 1996 and June 30, 2017 were included in this study.

Dietary patterns and health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors.

Purpose: A nutritious diet has been associated with better health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a variety of cancer survivors. However, little is known about dietary habits and its association with HRQOL in bladder cancer survivors. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to describe dietary intake patterns and its relationship to HRQOL in a large cohort of bladder cancer survivors.

Is Ki67 prognostic for aggressive prostate cancer? A multicenter real-world study.

Aim: To test if Ki67 expression is prognostic for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: Ki67 immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays constructed from specimens obtained from 464 men undergoing RP at the Durham and West LA Veterans Affairs Hospitals. Hazard ratios (HR) for Ki67 expression and time to BCR were estimated using Cox regression.

Vinflunine for the treatment of advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract: an evidence-based review of safety, efficacy, and place in therapy.

Background: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of systemic vinflunine (VIN) in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma (UC) was performed to evaluate its efficacy based on current available clinical data.

Methods: This review was prospectively registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO (registration CRD42016049294). Electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science were searched through December 2016.

Reporting Bias Leading to Discordant Venous Thromboembolism Rates in the United States Versus Non-US Countries Following Radical Cystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Postcystectomy bladder cancer (BCa) patients are at high risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The literature varies widely in the reporting of VTE in this population.

Objective: To determine the VTE rate in subjects undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) and highlight specific factors affecting this rate.

Physical activity patterns and associations with health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors.

Introduction: Physical activity has been shown to significantly improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and survivorship in a variety of patients with cancer . However, little is known about the physical activity patterns of bladder cancer survivors and how these are related to HRQOL in the United States. Our objective was to describe self-reported physical activity patterns and HRQOL and examine the association between these measures in a large cohort of bladder cancer survivors.

Urinary NID2 and TWIST1 methylation to augment conventional urine cytology for the detection of bladder cancer.

Background: Abnormal methylation of urinary TWIST1 and NID2 conferred high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: We examine the performance of the urine-based TWIST1/NID2 methylation assay with the addition of urine cytology for the detection of urothelial carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A prospective multi-institutional study was conducted to assess the performance of a methylation assay for patients with hematuria or under surveillance for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Anticipatory Positive Urine Tests for Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish the criteria defining an anticipatory positive test for bladder cancer.

Methods: We reviewed all patients at our institution who underwent urine cytology or UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and cystoscopy from 2003 to 2012. Test performance and cancer anticipation was assessed using generalized linear mixed models, mixed-effects proportional hazards models, and cumulative incidence curves using tests performed within 30 days of each other as well as within a lag time of 1 year.

High Flow Priapism in a Pediatric Patient after Circumcision with Dorsal Penile Nerve Block.

We report the first documented case of high flow priapism after circumcision with dorsal penile nerve block. A 7-year-old male who had undergone circumcision three years before presented to our institution with a 3-year history of persistent nonpainful erections. Workup revealed a high flow priapism and, after discussion of the management options, the patient's family elected continued observation.

Reporting Bias Leading to Discordant Venous Thromboembolism Rates in the United States Versus Non-US Countries Following Radical Cystectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Postcystectomy bladder cancer (BCa) patients are at high risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The literature varies widely in the reporting of VTE in this population.

Objective: To determine the VTE rate in subjects undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) and highlight specific factors affecting this rate.

The diagnostic accuracy of urine-based tests for bladder cancer varies greatly by patient.

Background: Spectrum effects refer to the phenomenon that test performance varies across subgroups of a population. When spectrum effects occur during diagnostic testing for cancer, difficult patient misdiagnoses can occur. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of test indication, age, gender, race, and smoking status on the performance characteristics of two commonly used diagnostic tests for bladder cancer, urine cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Lifestyle factors and health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors: a systematic review.

Purpose: Diet, physical activity, and smoking cessation are modifiable lifestyle factors that have been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in many cancer survivors. Our objective was to systematically review the literature on the associations between lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, smoking status, and HRQOL in bladder cancer survivors.

Methods: We queried PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries.

Multi-institutional external validation of urinary TWIST1 and NID2 methylation as a diagnostic test for bladder cancer.

Objectives: We previously reported a clinical trial in which we were unable to replicate the excellent diagnostic metrics produced in the developmental study of the TWIST1 and NID2 gene methylation assay. In this expanded trial with subjects enrolled from another institution, we reexamine the diagnostic capabilities of the test to externally validate our previous study.

Materials And Methods: TWIST1 and NID2 gene methylation was assessed in DNA isolated from the urine of subjects at risk of bladder cancer undergoing cystoscopy for hematuria or bladder cancer surveillance.

Thromboembolism and bleeding in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is a unique disease process in that clinically significant hemorrhage can occur simultaneously with equally significant aberrant clotting. With hematuria the key presenting symptom of bladder cancer, hemorrhage is generally thought to be a component of the natural history of the disease, and to commonly occur during its treatment. However, as those who regularly treat bladder cancer know, the need to address a predisposition to clotting is also very much part of the treatment paradigm.