Publications by authors named "Joseph G Lyons"
Trends and epidemiology of spine fractures in the super-elderly population in the United States.
J Craniovertebr Junction Spine
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- Spine fractures are common among the super-elderly (80+) in the U.S., with 385,375 cases reported from 2011 to 2020, highlighting a significant public health concern.
- * The study found that lumbar fractures were the most prevalent, and incidence rates were higher in females and older age groups, particularly nonagenarians and centenarians.
- * Overall, the annual incidence of spine fractures among super-elderly individuals has increased significantly over the decade, emphasizing the need for further research to improve patient outcomes in this growing demographic.
Article Synopsis
- Participation in sports increases the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, with acute primary tendon ruptures being a significant concern, yet there’s limited research on their epidemiology in the US.
- This study aims to determine the incidence rate of sports-related acute primary tendon ruptures from 2001 to 2020, using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS).
- Findings reveal that over 141,000 patients treated for these injuries were predominantly males, with Achilles tendon ruptures being the most common, particularly related to basketball activities.
Article Synopsis
- * Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) indicate that over 1.2 million super elderly patients experienced lower trunk fractures between 2011 and 2020, with hip fractures being the most common type.
- * Analysis revealed that the incidence of these fractures is rising, especially among females and older age groups (nonagenarians and centenarians), with pelvic and lumbar spine fractures increasing more rapidly than hip fractures.
Study Design: Preclinical animal study.
Objective: Evaluate the osteoinductivity and bone regenerative capacity of BioRestore bioactive glass.
Summary Of Background Data: BioRestore is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved bone void filler that has not yet been evaluated as a bone graft extender or substitute for spine fusion.
Epidemiology of C2 fractures in the United States: A National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database study.
J Craniovertebr Junction Spine
June 2023
Article Synopsis
- C2 fractures are common injuries in the cervical spine, posing significant health risks, and this study assesses the incidence rate (IR) of these fractures in the US from 2002 to 2021 using the NEISS database.
- The study found that approximately 72,764 patients presented to US Emergency Departments with C2 fractures, with an overall IR of 1.17 per 100,000 person-years and notably higher rates among elderly individuals (IR = 15.9).
- The incidence of C2 fractures has significantly increased over the years (AAPC = 10.9), indicating a need for public health initiatives to address factors like osteoporosis in the aging population to reduce these injuries.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate physicians' understanding of radiation exposure from common imaging studies in trauma care, focusing on the effective doses of musculoskeletal imaging.
- An electronic survey was sent to various U.S. residency programs, revealing that many physicians significantly underestimated the radiation doses for imaging, especially for pelvic and lumbar CT scans.
- Results indicated that those who frequently discussed radiation risks with patients had a better grasp of the actual radiation exposure, highlighting a need for improved education on this topic among trauma care providers.
Background: Viscosupplementation for knee osteoarthritis (OA) may raise concerns regarding conflicts of interest (COI). Evidence of inconclusive study results and publication bias in previous studies has led to concern that financial COI have influenced viscosupplementation outcomes. It is critical to ensure that clinical practice is guided by informed decision making and evidence-based medicine.
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- Recent studies reveal a growing incidence of patellar dislocations in children and teens, but comprehensive data in the US is lacking.
- This study analyzed data from the NEISS database covering 2001-2020, finding a significant rise in the rates of these injuries, particularly among males and females aged 10-19.
- The majority of these injuries were sports-related, with basketball and dance being the most common activities linked to patellar dislocations.
Background: The use of new total joint arthroplasty technologies, including patient-specific implants/instrumentation (PSI), computer-assisted (CA), and robotic-assisted (RA) techniques, is increasing. There is an ongoing debate regarding the value provided and potential concerns about conflicts of interest (COI).
Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed.
Background: Studies report poor outcomes of elective orthopaedic surgeries among civilian patients receiving Workers' Compensation (WC). However, little is known about surgical outcomes in veterans receiving similar benefits through the Veterans Affairs (VA) service-connected (SC) disability compensation program.
Methods: Veterans undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at a VA Medical Center between 07/2019-12/2021 were analyzed by SC status.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates ballistic fractures in the US over the past 20 years, highlighting their treatment challenges and potential increased incidence due to rising gun-related violence.
- - An estimated 240,555 patients experienced ballistic fractures, with lower extremity fractures being the most prevalent, primarily affecting young males aged 20-40.
- - The research found that a large majority (71.2%) of cases resulted from assaults, and most patients required hospitalization, indicating significant morbidity associated with these types of injuries.
Background: Periprosthetic joint infection remains a significant challenge for arthroplasty surgeons globally. Over the last few decades, there has been much advancement in terms of treatment and diagnosis, however, the fight rages on. As management of periprosthetic joint infections continues to evolve, it is critical to reflect back on current debridement practices to establish common ground as well as identify areas for future research and improvement.
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- Postoperative infections pose significant challenges for patients and healthcare systems, necessitating interventions to minimize surgical infections.
- A study evaluated a UV-C air filtration device's effectiveness in decreasing airborne particles and contamination of surgical instrument trays in an operating room.
- While the UV-C device significantly reduced the number of airborne particles, it did not notably lower the overall contamination rates of the surgical trays compared to the control group.
Article Synopsis
- - This study explored how male and female rats respond differently to a specific bone healing treatment (rhBMP-2) in spinal fusion surgery, addressing a gap in existing research on sex-based effects of this treatment.
- - After eight weeks, it was found that female rats had lower manual fusion scores but a higher bone volume fraction compared to males, though their overall fusion mass volume was smaller.
- - While both sexes showed similar stiffness in bone healing, female rats exhibited a greater range of motion, suggesting distinct biomechanical responses related to sex in the context of bone regeneration.
Background: No consensus exists regarding the optimal surgical management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Treatment goals include avoiding slip progression and sequelae such as avascular necrosis (AVN). Factors associated with surgical implants merit further research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiology of atlas fractures in the United States: A 20-year analysis.
J Craniovertebr Junction Spine
March 2022
Article Synopsis
- Atlas fractures are common among older adults, making up 11.1% of cervical fractures, with an increasing incidence expected due to an aging population in the US.
- The study analyzed 38,092 cases from 2001 to 2020, revealing that most fractures occurred in patients over 70 years old, with a mean age of 71 and a higher incidence in females (54%).
- Low-energy falls were the leading cause (74%), and many patients (58%) had additional injuries, suggesting that atlas fractures often come with associated injuries.
Accuracy of self-reported opioid use in orthopaedic trauma patients.
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol
January 2023
Purpose: Opioids have long been a mainstay of treatment for pain in patients with orthopaedic injuries, but little is known about the accuracy of self-reported narcotic usage in orthopaedic trauma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of self-reported opioid usage in orthopaedic trauma patients.
Methods: A retrospective review of all new patients presenting to the orthopaedic trauma clinic of a level 1 trauma centre with a chief complaint of recent orthopaedic-related injury over a 2-year time frame was conducted.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined trends in knee extensor mechanism injuries in the US over the past 20 years, using a nationally representative dataset from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS).
- The research found about 214,817 cases of extensor mechanism injuries, with patella fractures being the most common type, and a significant increase in annual incidence rates for all injury types over the study period.
- The rise in these injuries likely correlates with an older, more active population, emphasizing the need for greater awareness and prevention strategies.
We recently developed a recombinant growth factor-free bone regenerative scaffold composed of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic particles and human demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles (HA-DBM). Here, we performed the first pre-clinical comparative evaluation of HA-DBM relative to the industry standard and established positive control, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), using a rat posterolateral spinal fusion model (PLF). Female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bilateral L4-L5 PLF with implantation of the HA-DBM scaffold or rhBMP-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review article addresses the various aspects of nano-biomaterials used in or being pursued for the purpose of promoting bone regeneration. In the last decade, significant growth in the fields of polymer sciences, nanotechnology, and biotechnology has resulted in the development of new nano-biomaterials. These are extensively explored as drug delivery carriers and as implantable devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe idea that serotonergic synaptic transmission plays an essential role in the control of mood and the pharmacotherapy of anxiety and depression is one of the cornerstones of modern biological psychiatry. As a result, there is intense interest in understanding the mechanisms controlling the activity of serotonin-synthesizing (serotonergic) neurons. One of the oldest and most durable ideas emerging from this work is that serotonergic neurons are capable of autonomously regulating their own basal firing rate.
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