Impact of axillary surgery on outcome of clinically node positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: Axillary Lymph Node Dissection (ALND) is recommended for breast cancer patients who present with clinically node positive disease (cN1) especially if they have residual nodal disease (ypN+) following neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). It is unknown whether axillary dissection improves outcome for these patients.

Methods: A prospectively maintained database was used to identify all patients who were diagnosed with cTis-T4N1M0 breast cancer treated with NAT.

Organ-specific heterogeneity in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cancer antigen expression in primary and autologous metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and cancer antigen expression, key factors for the development of immunotherapies, are usually based on the data from primary tumors due to availability of tissue for analysis; data from metastatic sites and their concordance with primary tumor are lacking. Although of the same origin from primary tumor, organ-specific differences in the TIME in metastases may contribute to discordant responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor agents. In immunologically 'cold' tumors, cancer antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can promote tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; however, data on distribution and intensity of cancer antigen expression in primary tumor and matched metastases are unavailable.

Tumor and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression Is Associated With Adjuvant Chemotherapy Benefit in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Patients with stage II to III lung adenocarcinomas are treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) to target the premetastatic niche that persists after curative-intent resection. We hypothesized that the premetastatic niche is a scion of resected lung tumor microenvironment and that analysis of tumor microenvironment can stratify survival benefit from ACT.

Methods: Using tumor and tumoral stroma from 475 treatment-naive patients with stage II to III lung adenocarcinomas, we constructed a tissue microarray and performed multiplex immunofluorescent staining for immune markers (programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-L1], tumor-associated macrophages [TAMs], and myeloid-derived suppressor cells) and derived myeloid-lymphoid ratio.

Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Evidence Supportive of an In Vivo Phenomenon.

Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is associated with locoregional recurrence in patients undergoing limited resection (LR) for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We hypothesized that the observation of STAS in both the initial LR specimen and the additional resection specimen from the same patient, processed using different knives, would provide evidence that STAS is an in vivo phenomenon contributing to locoregional recurrence. We retrospectively identified patients with NSCLC (9 adenocarcinoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma) who underwent LR, had STAS in the LR specimen, and underwent additional resection (lobectomy or LR).

Restoring Intestinal Continuity in a Hostile Abdomen: The Deloyers Procedure.

Background: Deloyers procedure enables anastomosis of the ascending colon to the rectum following extended resections that prevent usual fashion anastomosis. During the procedure, the right colon is completely mobilized and counterclockwise rotated to allow tension free and well-vascularized anastomosis while preserving the ileocecal valve. The purpose of this manuscript is to report our experience with laparoscopic Deloyers procedure in a hostile abdomen due to adhesions from previous surgeries.

Conversion for failed adjustable gastric banding warrants hiatal scrutiny for hiatal hernia.

Background: Failure or complications following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) may necessitate band removal and conversional surgery. Band position and band-induced chronic vomiting create ideal conditions for de novo hiatal hernia (HH) formation. HH presence impedes and complicates conversional surgery by obscuring crucial anatomical landmarks and hindering precise gastric sleeve or pouch formation.

Factors associated with thromboembolic events following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background And Objectives: We investigated the risk factors, incidence, and role of thromboprophylaxis in the development of thrombosis following cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC).

Methods: We reviewed data of patients with CRS/HIPEC in three hospitals.

Results: Overall, 192 patients underwent CRS/HIPEC during 2007-2016.

The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Thyroid Function and Medication Use in Patients with Hypothyroidism.

Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is effective in treating obesity and its associated comorbidities. However, there is a paucity of data on the effect of BS on thyroid function in hypothyroid patients, specifically in those treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THR). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of BS on thyroid function and on THR dosage in patients with hypothyroidism.

Stenting in malignant colonic obstruction--is it a real therapeutic option?

Background: Malignant colonic obstruction is commonly treated surgically. Colonic stents are a therapeutic option for palliation or used as a bridge to surgery or chemotherapy.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical success rate of stenting as a bridge to one-step surgery, chemotherapy, or as a palliative measure.