Increased age and reduced physical activity level worsen thermoregulatory pacing behaviour in men during walking exercise in the heat.

Older adults are vulnerable to heat-related morbidity and mortality due to reduced thermoregulatory function associated with aging. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between age and thermoregulatory behaviour during walking exercise in Control (22 °C; 40% relative humidity [RH]) and Hot (35 °C, 40% RH) conditions. Thirty-six healthy males (age 46 ± 20 (range 19-86) years; stature 177 ± 7 cm; body mass 75.

No protective benefits of low dose acute L-glutamine supplementation on small intestinal permeability, epithelial injury and bacterial translocation biomarkers in response to subclinical exertional-heat stress: A randomized cross-over trial.

Exertional heat stress disrupts gastrointestinal permeability and, through subsequent bacterial translocation, can result in potentially fatal exertional heat stroke. Glutamine supplementation is a potential countermeasure although previously validated doses are not universally well tolerated. Ten males completed two 80-minute subclinical exertional heat stress tests (EHSTs) following either glutamine (0.

Acute -glutamine supplementation does not improve gastrointestinal permeability, injury or microbial translocation in response to exhaustive high intensity exertional-heat stress.

Exertional-heat stress adversely distrupts (GI) barrier integrity and, through subsequent microbial translocation (MT), can result in potentially fatal exertional-heat stroke. Acute glutamine (GLN) supplementation is a potential nutritional countermeasure, although the practical value of current supplementation regimens is questionable. Ten males completed two high-intensity exertional-heat stress tests (EHST) involving running in the heat (40°C and 40% relative humidity) at lactate threshold to volitional exhaustion.

Person-Centered Health Promotion: Learning from 10 Years of Practice within Long Term Conditions.

The utilization of person-centered care is highlighted as essential for health promotion, yet implementation has been inconsistent and multiple issues remain. There is a dearth of applied research exploring the facets of successful implementation. In this paper, a person-centered wellbeing program spanning various groups is discussed, outlining the central principles that have allowed for successful outcomes.

Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.

l-Glutamine (GLN) is a conditionally essential amino acid which supports gastrointestinal (GI) and immune function prior to catabolic stress (e.g., strenuous exercise).

Influence of aerobic fitness on gastrointestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation following a fixed-intensity military exertional heat stress test.

Purpose: Exertional-heat stress adversely disrupts gastrointestinal (GI) barrier integrity, whereby subsequent microbial translocation (MT) can result in potentially serious health consequences. To date, the influence of aerobic fitness on GI barrier integrity and MT following exertional-heat stress is poorly characterised.

Method: Ten untrained (UT; VO = 45 ± 3 ml·kg·min) and ten highly trained (HT; VO = 64 ± 4 ml·kg·min) males completed an ecologically valid (military) 80-min fixed-intensity exertional-heat stress test (EHST).

Individual risk factors associated with exertional heat illness: A systematic review.

New Findings: What is the topic of this review? Exertional heat illness (EHI) remains a persistent problem for athletes and individuals. This threat remains despite numerous athletic position statements and occupational guidance policies. This review explores primary evidence that demonstrates a direct association between 'known' risk factors and EHI.

Reliability of gastrointestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation biomarkers at rest and following exertional heat stress.

Purpose: Exertional heat stress adversely distrupts (GI) barrier integrity and, through subsequent microbial translocation (MT), negativly impacts health. Despite widespread application, the temporal reliability of popular GI barrier integity and MT biomarkers is poorly characterised.

Method: Fourteen males completed two 80-min exertional heat stress tests (EHST) separated by 7-14 days.

The Gastrointestinal Exertional Heat Stroke Paradigm: Pathophysiology, Assessment, Severity, Aetiology and Nutritional Countermeasures.

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a life-threatening medical condition involving thermoregulatory failure and is the most severe condition along a continuum of heat-related illnesses. Current EHS policy guidance principally advocates a thermoregulatory management approach, despite growing recognition that gastrointestinal (GI) microbial translocation contributes to disease pathophysiology. Contemporary research has focused to understand the relevance of GI barrier integrity and strategies to maintain it during periods of exertional-heat stress.

Fat oxidation after acipimox-induced reduction in plasma nonesterified fatty acids during exercise at 0 degrees C and 20 degrees C.

The main aim of this study was to investigate if whole body fat oxidation, after acipimox administration, during submaximal exercise in the cold, is different from that at temperate environments. Seven healthy recreationally active male subjects cycled at 70% Vo(2peak) for 60 minutes; once at 0 degrees C and once at 20 degrees C. To exclude availability, and therefore oxidation of plasma-derived nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), 90 minutes before each cycling bout, subjects ingested 250 mg of the antilipolytic drug, acipimox.

During exercise in the cold increased availability of plasma nonesterified fatty acids does not affect the pattern of substrate oxidation.

Exercise in the cold was investigated to establish if the relative contribution of fat to energy expenditure is affected by the increased availability of circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Seven men after an overnight fast cycled at approximately 70% of peak oxygen uptake for 60 minutes at an ambient temperature of 0.0 degrees C +/- 0.

Effects of reduced ambient temperature on fat utilization during submaximal exercise.

Purpose: The influence of cold air exposure on fuel utilization during prolonged cycle exercise was investigated.

Methods: Nine male subjects cycled for 90 min in ambient temperatures of -10 degrees C, 0 degrees C, 10 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. External work performed between conditions was constant.