The use of exoskeleton robotic training on lower extremity function in spinal cord injuries: A systematic review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the utility of exoskeleton robotic therapy on lower extremity recovery in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients.

Methods: We used the Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases and searched from to December 2023 for studies on exoskeleton robotic assist devices used in working with SCI patients. Only articles published in English were evaluated, and the retrieved articles were screened via our inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Roussouly classification of adult spinal deformity.

With an estimated prevalence of 68% among healthy adults without a previous diagnosis of scoliosis, adult spinal deformities are a growing concern as the population ages. Our understanding of this growing concern has been historically guided by previous studies performed on the pediatric population. Over time, different classifications have been developed with their own respective limitations.

Efficacy of Cefazolin Versus Vancomycin Antibiotic Cement Spacers.

Objective: Cefazolin is a heat-labile antibiotic that is not usually added to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement spacers because it is believed to be inactivated by the high polymerization temperatures. The purpose of this study was to compare cefazolin versus vancomycin high-dose antibiotic cement spacers.

Methods: High-dose antibiotic PMMA spacers with either cefazolin or vancomycin were fabricated.

Osteoporosis: An Update on Screening, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment.

Osteoporosis screening, diagnosis, and treatment have gained much attention in the health care community over the past 2 decades. During this time, creation of multispecialty awareness programs (eg, "Own the Bone," American Orthopedic Association; "Capture the Fracture," International Osteoporosis Foundation) and improvements in diagnostic protocols have been evident. Significant advances in technology have elucidated elements of genetic predisposition for decreased bone mineral density in the aging population.

The Hip-Spine Challenge.

➤: The proper diagnosis and treatment of patients with concurrent hip and spine pathological processes can be challenging because of the substantial overlap in symptomatology.

➤: There is no consensus on which pathological condition should be addressed first.

➤: Factors such as advanced spinal degeneration, deformity, and prior fusion alter the biomechanics of the spinopelvic unit.