Pharmacological Treatment of Disinhibition in Acquired Brain Injury.

Purpose/background: Traumatic brain injury is a major universal public health concern and results in chronic neurobehavioral sequelae including disinhibition. Objectives of this study were to review the literature on pharmacological treatment of disinhibition post-acquired brain injury (ABI), describe a snapshot of pharmacotherapy used in ABI at a tertiary neuropsychiatric unit in British Columbia, Canada, and share expert opinion.

Methods/procedures: A retrospective chart review of 11 patients from October to December 2021 was conducted based on exclusion criteria: age greater than 18 years, primary neurodegenerative conditions, or aphasia.

Repeated subcutaneous racemic ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: case series.

Interest in the use of parenteral ketamine has been increasing over the last 2 decades for the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). While intravenous (IV) ketamine has been the most common parenteral route of administration, subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular options have been described. We developed a clinical treatment protocol for the use of repeated SC racemic ketamine (maximum six treatments, twice per week) in an inpatient psychiatric care setting with inclusion/exclusion criteria, dosing schedule, and description of treatment, assessment, and monitoring procedures.

A sparse representation-based method for parcellation of the resting brain and its application to treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.

Background: Parcellating brain regions into functionally homogeneous subdivisions is critical for understanding normal and abnormal brain functions.

New Method: In this study, we developed a new sparse representation-based parcellation method for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, and applied the new method to investigate functional insular subdivisions in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Realistic simulations were implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of the method.

Abnormal functional connectivity within resting-state networks is related to rTMS-based therapy effects of treatment resistant depression: A pilot study.

Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD) remains a clinical challenge, and finding biomarkers that predict treatment response are a long sought goal to precisely indicate treatments. This pilot study aims to characterize brain dysfunction in TRD patients who underwent rTMS to define neuroimaging biomarkers that discriminate non-responders (NR) from responders (R).

Methods: 20 TRD patients who underwent a course of rTMS to the left DLPFC were categorized into R and NR groups based on a >50% reduction in HRSD scores.