Changes in unmet need for family planning among married women of reproductive age in Nigeria: A multilevel analysis of a ten-year DHS wave.

Introduction: Unmet need for family planning [UNFP] remains a serious public health concern in Nigeria. Evidence suggests that UNFP remains high over the last fifteen years despite numerous policies and programmes aimed at generating demand for family planning. This study used three Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted over a ten-year period (2008-2018) to assess the changes in unmet need for family planning and associated contextual determinants.

Women's ability to negotiate safer sex with partners by contraceptive status among a nationally representative sample of married women in Nigeria.

Background: Existing studies established that safer sex negotiation influences contraceptive use, and women who are able to negotiate safer sex were expected to be contraceptive users. However, it is not certain that all contraceptive users have the ability to negotiate safer sex. Likewise, there is no evidence that all non-users are not able to negotiate safer sex with partners.

Exploring the perception and socio-cultural barriers to safer sex negotiation among married women in Northwest Nigeria.

Background: Safer sex negotiation refers to the means through which partners in sexual relationships agree to have intercourse that protects both partners from adverse sexual health outcomes. Evidence is sparse on the socio-cultural barriers to safer sex negotiation, especially in Northwest Nigeria where almost every aspect of women's lives is influenced by religious and cultural norms. Understanding the socio-cultural barriers requires having knowledge of the perspectives of community stakeholders such as religious leaders, and community leaders.

Intimate partner violence as a factor in contraceptive discontinuation among sexually active married women in Nigeria.

Background: In spite of the well-established associations between socioeconomic and demographic factors and the high rate of contraceptive discontinuation among sexually active married contraceptive users, little is known in Nigeria about the relationship between contraceptive discontinuation and sexually active married women who have experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV).

Methods: The 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data on women's reproductive calendars and domestic violence were used to investigate the relationship between IPV and contraceptive discontinuation in a year period. A weighted sample size of 1341 women in a union in the domestic violence module, who have experienced IPV, and are using any contraceptive and are not sterilized in the 12 months periods was analyzed using frequency tables and chart, Pearson's chi-square test, and binary logistic regression model.

Do Community Characteristics Influence Unintended Pregnancies in Kenya?

Background: Most existing studies on unintended pregnancies tend to examine the influence of individual socio-demographic and health characteristics without sufficient attention to community characteristics. This study examines community characteristics influencing unintended pregnancies in Kenya.

Methods: Data were extracted from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS).