Cyproheptadine for pediatric intrathecal baclofen withdrawal: a case report.

Intrathecal baclofen withdrawal syndrome is a known complication of intrathecal baclofen pumps. Its origin is postulated as an independent form of a serotonergic syndrome occurring from loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor-mediated inhibition of serotonin. Prodromal symptoms include pruritus, a return of deep tendon reflexes, and increased spastic hypertonia.

Airbag-mediated pediatric atlanto-occipital dislocation.

Pediatric atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) most commonly occurs in victims of high-velocity motor vehicle collisions and usually results in death. The mechanical and anatomic predisposing factors for AOD in children have been well documented. With the introduction of passenger-side air bags in automobiles, reports have documented an increased incidence of pediatric cervical spine injuries, including AOD, in low-speed motor vehicle collisions.