Effects of live-online, group mindfulness training on opioid use and anxiety during buprenorphine treatment: A comparative effectiveness RCT.

Background: Office-based opioid treatment with buprenorphine has emerged as a popular evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder. Unfortunately, psychosocial stress, anxiety, pain, and co-morbid substance use increase patients' risk for relapse. We designed this study to compare the effects of complementing buprenorphine treatment with 24 weeks of a live-online Mindful Recovery Opioid Care Continuum (M-ROCC) group to a time and attention-matched, live-online Recovery Support Group (RSG) active control condition.

Participants' Engagement With and Results From a Web-Based Integrative Population Mental Wellness Program (CHAMindWell) During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Program Evaluation Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic involved a prolonged period of collective trauma and stress during which substantial increases in mental health concerns, like depression and anxiety, were observed across the population. In this context, CHAMindWell was developed as a web-based intervention to improve resilience and reduce symptom severity among a public health care system's patient population.

Objective: This program evaluation was conducted to explore participants' engagement with and outcomes from CHAMindWell by retrospectively examining demographic information and mental health symptom severity scores throughout program participation.

Unfilled prescriptions: Surveying patients' experiences with buprenorphine treatment in Massachusetts before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background And Objectives: We explored potential challenges to accessing office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with buprenorphine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Using Facebook advertisements, we recruited a sample of N = 72 participants and conducted four repeated-measures analysis of variance comparing ratings of participants' abilities to access aspects of OBOT treatment.

Results: Participants reported increased difficulty filling buprenorphine prescriptions during the pandemic than before, p = .

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Hypersexual Behaviors Among Individuals Who have Gambled in Their Lifetimes.

Background: Exposure to traumatic experiences represent one factor that may contribute to the development of hypersexual behaviors.

Aim: We investigated the associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms and hypersexual behaviors by analyzing survey data from 2 samples.

Method: The first sample consisted of n = 585 college students, and the second consisted of n = 786 adults recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk), n = 337 of whom completed a 6-month follow-up survey.

Intervene to moderate pandemic drinking by university students.

Increases and decreases in university students' drinking during and after the pandemic will be influenced by multiple factors, including their access to alcohol, COVID-related stress, social support, and whether they live with parents or on campus. Many will engage in elevated drinking, especially upon return to the campus environment. It is our view that abstinence-oriented advice and interventions are unlikely to attract and assist the full range of pandemic drinkers.

A systematic review of reasons for abstinence from alcohol reported by lifelong abstainers, current abstainers and former problem-drinkers.

Issues: Numerous studies have been conducted to assess non-drinkers' reported reasons for abstinence, and this review summarises and compares the reasons for abstinence reported by lifelong abstainers, current abstainers and former problem-drinkers.

Approach: Based on a search of four computerised databases, we identified 31 relevant studies, each of which included a sample of at least 20 individuals who had been abstinent from alcohol for at least 14 days and reported a numerical summary of participants' self-reported reasons for not drinking. To identify the most salient reasons for abstinence among each group of abstainers, we calculated a z-score to represent the level of endorsement of each reason in each investigation, assigned listed reasons to one of 13 categories, and calculated average z-scores (weighted by study quality ratings) for each of the categories.

Problem gambling, coping motivations, and positive expectancies: A longitudinal survey study.

Previous research suggests that gambling motives are important considerations in understanding the etiology and maintenance of gambling-related problems. The present work sought to examine whether beliefs about gambling, such as positive expectations for gambling, may be related to coping motivations for gambling over time and how both might be related to problem gambling behavior. Additionally, the present study sought to establish these relationships above and beyond trait neuroticism.

Self-Reported Reasons for Abstinence from Illicit Drugs.

Objective: To provide a more balanced understanding of the initiation and restraint of substance use, educators, clinicians, and researchers would benefit from a review of research assessing the reasons nonusers report for having abstained from drugs.

Method: Based on searches of computerized databases and the reference sections of relevant articles, we identified 15 relevant studies that assessed and quantified participants' expressed reasons for having abstained from (a) one or more named substances or (b) drugs (or alcohol and drugs) with little or no further specification. We defined as more salient those 25% of reasons in each study that were endorsed most frequently, ranked highest, or rated most influential.

PTSD Symptoms Experienced and Coping Tactics Used by Crime Scene Investigators in the United States.

Few investigations have assessed the prevalence of posttraumatic stress experiences among Crime Scene Investigators (CSIs). We recruited a nationwide sample of 225 CSIs to complete online questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, use of specific coping tactics, perceived social support, trait resilience, and demographics. Seven symptoms had been experienced by at least 50% of participants during the previous month, and 9.

University students' self-reported reasons for abstinence from prescription and non-prescription stimulants and depressants.

Background: No previous publication has evaluated whether the importance of university students' reasons for abstinence differs across prescription stimulants, prescription opioids, and two illicit forms of those medications (cocaine and heroin).

Methods: In response to a recruitment email sent to all enrolled undergraduates at a large public university, 768 students who reported no prior recreational use of these four substances rated the importance of 17 reasons for lifelong abstention from each of the four drugs.

Results: Based on factor analyses, 16 of the 17 reasons comprised four subscales (Negative Consequences, Difficult to Acquire, Not Enjoyable, Social Disapproval).

American counselors' acceptance of non-abstinence outcome goals for clients diagnosed with co-occurring substance use and other psychiatric disorders.

Previous research has examined clinicians' acceptance of non-abstinence for clients who have a substance use disorder (SUD), but many SUD clients also present with a psychiatric disorder. To evaluate the acceptability of non-abstinence as a final outcome goal for clients with co-occurring diagnoses, we recruited a nationwide sample of 751 American substance abuse counselors to complete a web-based questionnaire. Respondents rated the acceptability of limited/moderate consumption by clients diagnosed with each of 18 co-occurring disorders: three psychiatric disorders (Major Depressive Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Social Phobia) x three substances (alcohol, cannabis, opioids) x two levels of severity (DSM-5 Moderate SUD, DSM-5 Severe SUD).