Substance use is associated with decreased antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people with HIV (PWH). Adherence plays a significant role in mediating the negative effects of substance use on HIV suppression and is a principal modifiable patient-level factor in improving HIV suppression and reducing ART drug resistance. Understanding substance use and ART adherence, particularly with rapidly changing substance use epidemiology and ART regimens, is vital to improving HIV care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Frailty occurs at higher rates and younger ages among people with HIV (PWH) compared with the general population and is often attributed to chronic inflammation and subsequent immune exhaustion. We assessed how inflammatory biomarkers are associated with frailty among PWH.
Methods: The Centers for AIDS Research (CFAR) Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort is comprised of adult PWH in care at 10 sites, and harmonizes demographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care
October 2024
Smoking is a myocardial infarction (MI) risk factor among people with HIV (PWH). Questions persist regarding the role of smoking behaviors and measurements (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Low food security is common among people with HIV (PWH) and is associated with poorer health outcomes. Frailty, an aging-related outcome that is increasingly prevalent among PWH, may be stimulated by low food security. We assessed associations between food security and frailty among PWH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe the prescribing trends of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H receptor antagonists (H RAs) among children with gastroesophageal reflux in the United Kingdom between 1998 and 2019.
Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink that included all children aged ≤18 years with a first ever diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux between 1998 and 2019. Using negative binomial regression, we estimated crude and adjusted annual prescription rates per 1000 person-years and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PPIs and H RAs.
"Sick quitting," a phenomenon describing reductions in alcohol consumption following poor health, may explain observations that alcohol appears protective for frailty risk. We examined associations between frailty and reductions in drinking frequency among people with HIV (PWH). At six Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) sites between January 2012 and August 2021, we assessed whether frailty, measured through validated modified frailty phenotype, precedes reductions in drinking frequency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
February 2024
Background: People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We conducted this study to characterize VTE including provoking factors among PWH in the current treatment era.
Methods: We included PWH with VTE between 2010 and 2020 at 6 sites in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems cohort.
Objective: There is limited real-world evidence about the effectiveness of semaglutide for weight loss among people with HIV (PWH). We aimed to investigate weight change in a US cohort of PWH who initiated semaglutide treatment.
Design: Observational study using the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
October 2023
Background: Tobacco smoking increases frailty risk among the general population and is common among people with HIV (PWH) who experience higher rates of frailty at younger ages than the general population.
Methods: We identified 8608 PWH across 6 Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems sites who completed ≥2 patient-reported outcome assessments, including a frailty phenotype measuring unintentional weight loss, poor mobility, fatigue, and inactivity, and scored 0-4. Smoking was measured as baseline pack-years and time-updated never, former, or current use with cigarettes/day.
Objectives: The relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease in people with HIV (PWH) is incompletely understood. We determined whether COPD is associated with risk of myocardial infarction (MI) among PWH, and if this differs for type 1 (T1MI) and type 2 (T2MI).
Design: We utilized data from five sites in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort, a multisite observational study.
Objective: Frailty is common among people with HIV (PWH), so we developed frail risk in the short-term for care (RISC)-HIV, a frailty prediction risk score for HIV clinical decision-making.
Design: We followed PWH for up to 2 years to identify short-term predictors of becoming frail.
Methods: We predicted frailty risk among PWH at seven HIV clinics across the United States.
Background: Vaporized nicotine (VN) use is increasing among people with HIV (PWH). We examined demographics, patterns of use, depression, and panic symptoms associated with VN and combustible cigarette (CC) use among PWH.
Methods: We analyzed VN use among PWH in care at 7 US sites.
Objective: To characterize and address the opioid crisis disproportionately impacting rural U.S. regions.
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