Generic Competencies in Dentistry: Students' and Teachers' Perceptions of Their Professional Relevance and Their Development in Undergraduate Studies at Universidad Diego Portales of Chile.

Introduction: Generic competencies are transferable skills, knowledge and attitudes essential for personal and professional development and not restricted to any particular field. Evidence shows the relevance of incorporating them into the dentistry curriculum. However, defining which competencies to prioritise is complex and requires input from the academic community.

A cinenurducation activity using Call the Midwife to teach about sexually transmitted infections and preeclampsia: design, implementation, and assessment.

Background: Nursing students need to learn about sexually transmitted infections and preeclampsia. Cinenureducation is a rigorous method that uses materials from commercial movies or television series to teach health sciences students.

Objectives: Using content analysis of the television series Call the Midwife, design a cinenureducation activity teaching nursing students about sexually transmitted infections and preeclampsia.

Telling the story of the opioid crisis: A narrative analysis of the TV series Dopesick.

Dopesick (2021) is the first TV series whose plot deals exclusively with the opioid crisis in the United States. The current study uses narrative analysis and framing theory to explore this series, discussing its portrayal of the people and themes involved in the opioid crisis. Our analysis found that although Dopesick attempts to portray multiple dimensions of the opioid crisis, its narrative oversimplifies the story in attributing the cause of the problem almost exclusively to Purdue Pharma and its director Richard Sackler, while downplaying other factors that contributed to the opioid crisis.

TV medical dramas: health sciences students' viewing habits and potential for teaching issues related to bioethics and professionalism.

Background: Medical dramas have been popular since their inception, especially among medical students. We hypothesized that the recent increase in the availability of TV medical series through online streaming platforms has probably changed health science students' viewing habits as well as the representation of bioethical conflicts and health professionals.

Methods: We invited undergraduate students of medicine, nursing, and human biology to complete a self-administered questionnaire about their viewing habits and perceptions of the depictions of bioethical issues and professionalism in TV medical series.

Health Care Professionals' Assessment of Patient Discomfort After Abdominal Surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to classify elements of patients' discomfort in the resuscitation room after open or laparoscopic abdominal surgery as per health care professionals' perceptions.

Design: A prospective cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Spain.

Methods: Resuscitation room nurses administered the Postoperative Discomfort Inventory to physicians and nurses with >1 year experience working closely with patients who had undergone abdominal surgery, asking them to score nine items related to patients' discomfort in the first 8 hours after surgery on an 11-point scale (0 = absent to 10 = very severe).

Frankenstein; or, the modern Prometheus: a classic novel to stimulate the analysis of complex contemporary issues in biomedical sciences.

Background: Advances in biomedicine can substantially change human life. However, progress is not always followed by ethical reflection on its consequences or scientists' responsibility for their creations. The humanities can help health sciences students learn to critically analyse these issues; in particular, literature can aid discussions about ethical principles in biomedical research.

Cinemeducation in clinical pharmacology: using cinema to help students learn about pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions.

Purpose: Feature films are increasingly being used in teaching health sciences. However, few publications address the effectiveness of this approach. We hypothesized that using feature films could help students learn.

The Ethical Interest of Frankenstein; Or, the Modern Prometheus: A Literature Review 200 Years After Its Publication.

Two hundred years after it was first published, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, the modern Prometheus remains relevant. This novel has endured because of its literary merits and because its themes lend themselves to analysis from multiple viewpoints. Scholars from many disciplines have examined this work in relation to controversial scientific research.

Pain, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Patients with Vulvodynia.

Background/aims: The term vulvodynia refers to vulvar pain of unknown origin lasting at least 3 months. Psychiatric comorbidities are a common feature and, along with pain, may severely affect patients' wellbeing. We aimed to determine the characteristics of pain in vulvodynia, to correlate characteristics with symptoms of anxiety and depression, and to analyse the impact of these factors on patients' quality of life.

Mu and delta opioid receptors play opposite nociceptive and behavioural roles on nerve-injured mice.

Background And Purpose: Mu and delta opioid receptors(MOP, DOP) contribution to the manifestations of pathological pain is not understood. We used genetic approaches to investigate the opioid mechanisms modulating neuropathic pain and its comorbid manifestations.

Experimental Approach: We generated conditional knockout mice with MOP or DOP deletion in sensoryNav1.

Developing creative and research skills through an open and interprofessional inquiry-based learning course.

Background: Biomedicine needs innovative professionals. Inquiry-based learning (IBL) aims to develop higher order thinking skills, such as creativity and research. Stimulatory techniques and interprofessional education, which requires students from different fields to collaborate, also enhances creativity.

Why mu-opioid agonists have less analgesic efficacy in neuropathic pain?

Injury to peripheral nerves often leads to abnormal pain states (hyperalgesia, allodynia and spontaneous pain), which can remain long after the injury heals. Although opioid agonists remain the gold standard for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, they show reduced efficacy against neuropathic pain. In addition to analgesia, opioid use is also associated with hyperalgesia and analgesia tolerance, whose underlying mechanisms share some commonalities with nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity.

Usefulness of knockout mice to clarify the role of the opioid system in chronic pain.

Unlabelled: Several lines of knockout mice deficient in the genes encoding each component of the endogenous opioid system have been used for decades to clarify the specific role of the different opioid receptors and peptide precursors in many physiopathological conditions. The use of these genetically modified mice has improved our knowledge of the specific involvement of each endogenous opioid component in nociceptive transmission during acute and chronic pain conditions. The present review summarizes the recent advances obtained using these genetic tools in understanding the role of the opioid system in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic pain.

Benefits of using a hybrid problem-based learning curriculum to improve long-term learning acquisition in undergraduate biology education.

Although problem-based learning (PBL) has been used for over 40 years, with many studies comparing the benefits of PBL versus other educational approaches, little attention has been paid to the effectiveness of hybrid PBL (H-PBL) curricula. Here we aimed to compare the learning outcomes of two groups of undergraduate biology students working towards a bachelor's degree: one group used an H-PBL approach, while the second used a lecture-based learning (LBL) approach. Specifically, the H-PBL group used a PBL module with interdisciplinary problems, which represented 20% of the entire curriculum.

The endocannabinoid system and neuropathic pain.

The research of new therapeutic strategies for neuropathic pain represents a major current priority. Important drawbacks to advance in the development of these therapies are the limited translational value of the animal models now available and the elucidation of the complex neuronal and immune pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain. One of the neurotransmitter systems participating in neuropathic pain control that has recently raised a particular interest is the endocannabinoid system.

Fentanyl as pre-emptive treatment of pain associated with turning mechanically ventilated patients: a randomized controlled feasibility study.

Purpose: To compare pain incidence and changes in pain scores with fentanyl versus placebo as pre-emptive treatment during turning and 30 min post-turning in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial in the intensive care unit of a university hospital. Seventy-five mechanically ventilated patients were randomized to an intervention group (fentanyl) or a control group (placebo).

Postoperative Discomfort After Abdominal Surgery: An Observational Study.

Purpose: Patients who have surgery may experience distress in the following days. Although postoperative distress is a common experience, few studies have analyzed these patient complaints in-depth. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the potential causes of patients' discomfort after abdominal surgery.

Influence of preoperative emotional state on postoperative pain following orthopedic and trauma surgery.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between preoperative emotional state and the prevalence and intensity of postoperative pain and to explore predictors of postoperative pain.

Method: Observational retrospective study undertaken among 127 adult patients of orthopedic and trauma surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed with the verbal numeric scale and with five variables of emotional state: anxiety, sweating, stress, fear, and crying.

The definition of placebo in the informed consent forms of clinical trials.

Aim: Lack of knowledge concerning the nature of placebo and why it is necessary may influence the participation of patients in clinical trials. The objective of the present study is to review how placebo is described in written information for participants in clinical trials to be evaluated by a Human Research Ethics Committee.

Methods: All research protocols submitted for evaluation in a Spanish hospital during 2007-2013 were reviewed.

A randomized controlled trial of fentanyl in the pre-emptive treatment of pain associated with turning in patients under mechanical ventilation: research protocol.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness and safety of fentanyl with placebo as pre-emptive treatment for pain associated with turning in patients in intensive care units.

Background: Turning is frequently a painful procedure in this setting. Pre-emptive administration of supplementary analgesia may help decrease this pain.

[The Glivec® case: the first example of a global debate on the drug patent system].

Objective: To describe the sequence of events involving the Glivec® case in India and to analyze the opinions generated in distinct settings.

Method: We performed a systematic search for articles concerning the imatinib (Glivec®) patent in India. We selected those sources that described the events, decisions of the authorities involved, and press and scientific opinions.